Table 3.

Categorical baseline clinical characteristics of DM (diabetes mellitus) and non-DM cohorts before hospitalisation for COVID-19.

Feature	Category	Frequency a
		DM	Non-DM
Sex	Male	61	57
	Female	39	43
Ethnicityb	White	81	88
	Other	19	12
Smoking statusc	Non-smoker	45	43
	(ex-)smoker	55	57
IHD	Yes	33	17
	No	67	83
Stroke/TIA	Yes	25	15
	No	75	85
Haemodialysis	Yes	12	2
	No	88	98
Asthma	Yes	10	11
	No	90	89
COPD	Yes	15	15
	No	85	85
Hypertension	Yes	62	60
	No	38	40
HF	Yes	28	12
	No	72	88
CLD	Yes	1	1
	No	99	99
Malignant neoplasm	Yes	14	22
	No	86	78
Dementia	Yes	16	15
	No	84	85
PBC	Yes	14	14
	No	86	86
NLRLd	High	36	30
	Low	64	70
APTTLe	High	25	35
	Low	75	65

Note. IHD ischemic heart disease; TIA transient ischemic attack; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF heart failure; CLD chronic liver disease; PBC positive blood culture; NLRL neutrophils-lymphocytes ratio labelled; APTTL activated partial thromboplastin time labelled.

^aPercentage population within the category.

^bFor simplicity, ethnicities other than the dominant white category were united as ‘other’.

^cSmoker and ex-smoker status were unified as ‘(ex-)smoker’.

^d‘low’ for NLR<8, ‘high’ for NLR >8.

^e‘low’ for APTT <24s, ‘high’ for APTT >24s.