Table 3.
Wald χ2, P-values, and hazard ratios for components of the GARFIELD-AF non-haemorrhagic stroke/SE and major bleeding models
| Model | χ 2 | P-value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-haemorrhagic stroke/SE model | |||
| Agea | 132 | <0.0001 | 1.22 (1.18–1.26) |
| Prior stroke | 84 | <0.0001 | 2.23 (1.88–2.64) |
| Treatment (ref.: no OAC) | 49 | <0.0001 | |
| NOAC | 0.56 (0.48–0.67) | ||
| VKA | 0.70 (0.61–0.81) | ||
| Current smoker | 22 | <0.0001 | 1.61 (1.32–1.97) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (80 mmHg or more)a | 20 | <0.0001 | 1.08 (1.05–1.12) |
| Moderate-to-severe CKD | 17 | <0.0001 | 1.42 (1.20–1.67) |
| Congestive heart failure | 10 | 0.0015 | 1.26 (1.09–1.46) |
| Dementia | 9 | 0.0022 | 1.67 (1.20–2.32) |
| Diabetes | 8 | 0.0041 | 1.24 (1.07–1.43) |
| Vascular disease | 8 | 0.0057 | 1.22 (1.06–1.40) |
| History of bleeding | 3 | 0.0555 | 1.35 (0.99–1.83) |
| Major bleeding | |||
| Agea | 156 | <0.0001 | 1.24 (1.20–1.29) |
| Treatment (ref.: no OAC) | 56 | <0.0001 | |
| NOAC | 1.27 (1.05–1.55) | ||
| VKA | 1.84 (1.55–2.18) | ||
| Moderate-to-severe CKD | 36 | <0.0001 | 1.65 (1.40–1.94) |
| History of bleeding | 31 | <0.0001 | 2.19 (1.66–2.88) |
| Pulse (b.p.m.)a | 12 | 0.0005 | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) |
| AP treatment (ref.: no AP treatment) | 9 | 0.0021 | 1.27 (1.09–1.47) |
| Diabetes | 6 | 0.0176 | 1.19 (1.03–1.38) |
| Vascular disease | 5 | 0.0250 | 1.18 (1.02–1.37) |
| Carotid occlusive disease | 5 | 0.0281 | 1.37 (1.03–1.82) |
AP, antiplatelet treatment; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; NOAC, non-VKA oral anticoagulant; OAC, oral anticoagulation; SE, systemic embolism; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.
a
Hazard ratios with 95% CIs are based on incremental units of ‘5’.