NAL-SA-MVs inhibited apoptosis after spinal cord injury in mice. (A) Western blotting detection of the cytokines (Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax) from spinal cord tissue of different groups. (B–E) Quantitative protein expression statistical analysis of Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-2 in Fig. 7A. (F, G) Fluorescence microscopy images of spinal cord tissue sections of sham, SCI, NAL, SA-MVs and NAL-SA-MVs. Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), neurons were stained with neun (green), and apoptin were stained with Caspase-3 (red). (H, I) Fluorescence microscopy images and statistical analysis of TUNEL-DAPI assay. All data represented the mean ± SD (n = 3 per group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.