Table 1.
Measurement Model Results
| Items | Loadings | Cα | CR | AVE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Workplace Ostracism | 0.867 | 0.904 | 0.657 | ||
| WO1 | 0.821 | ||||
| WO2 | 0.880 | ||||
| WO3 | 0.873 | ||||
| WO4 | 0.806 | ||||
| WO5 | 0.650 | ||||
| Workplace Incivility | 0.818 | 0.869 | 0.525 | ||
| WI1 | 0.714 | ||||
| WI2 | 0.766 | ||||
| WI3 | 0.794 | ||||
| WI4 | 0.685 | ||||
| WI5 | 0.724 | ||||
| WI6 | 0.659 | ||||
| Job Anxiety | |||||
| JA2 | 0.780 | 0.794 | 0.866 | 0.618 | |
| JA3 | 0.776 | ||||
| JA4 | 0.809 | ||||
| JA5 | 0.779 | ||||
| Evasive Hiding | 0.867 | 0.909 | 0.715 | ||
| EH1 | 0.826 | ||||
| EH2 | 0.853 | ||||
| EH3 | 0.892 | ||||
| EH4 | 0.809 | ||||
| Playing Dumb | 0.872 | 0.913 | 0.723 | ||
| PD1 | 0.847 | ||||
| PD2 | 0.841 | ||||
| PD3 | 0.866 | ||||
| PD4 | 0.849 | ||||
| Rationalized Hiding | RH1 | 0.741 | 0.790 | 0.864 | 0.614 |
| RH2 | 0.848 | ||||
| RH3 | 0.771 | ||||
| RH4 | 0.770 |
Notes: Ca> 0.7; CR>0.7; AVE>0.5; loadings>0.6. According to Hair et al, the discriminant validity of the measurement model shows the extent to which a particular measure is differentiated from the other ones. We followed the Fornell and Larcker and HTMT ratio to test the discriminant validity among the latent constructs (Table 2).