Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients.
| <60 years (n = 414) | ≥60 years (n = 351) | All | Significance | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ±SD | Mean ±SD | Mean ±SD | |||
| Age | Years | 46.3 ± 9.6 | 71.2 ± 6.9 | 57.7 ± 15.0 | P < 0.001, r = −1.0 |
| Intensity of dizziness/vertigo | VAS 0–10 | 6.03 ±1.8 | 5.93 ± 1.8 | 5.1 ± 1.8 | P > 0.05 |
| Distress due to dizziness/vertigo | VAS 0–10 | 6.7 ± 2.0 | 6.3 ± 1.9 | 6.5 ± 2.0 | P = 0.005, r = 0.11 |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||
| Gender | Female | 244 (58.9) | 225 (64.1) | 469 (61.3) | P > 0.05 |
| Male | 170 (41.1) | 126 (35.9) | 296 (38.7) | ||
| Medical diagnosis | BPPV | 6 (1.5)a | 17 (4.8)b | 23 (3.0) | P < 0.001, r = 0.31 |
| BV | 14 (3.4)a | 21 (6.0)a | 35 (4.6) | ||
| CV | 12 (2.9)a | 32 (9.1)b | 44 (5.8) | ||
| MD | 30 (7.3)a | 25 (7.1)a | 55 (7.2) | ||
| MultD | 10 (2.4)a | 110 (31.3)b | 120 (46.8) | ||
| PPPD | 269 (65.0)a | 89 (25.4)b | 358 (46.8) | ||
| VM | 21 (5.1)a | 9 (2.6)a | 30 (3.9) | ||
| VN | 43 (10.4)a | 31 (8.8)a | 74 (9.7) | ||
| VP | 5 (1.2)a | 5 (1.4)a | 10 (1.3) | ||
| VS | 4 (1.0)a | 12 (3.4)b | 16 (2.1) | ||
| Diagnosis category | Somatic | 145 (35.0)a | 262 (74.6)b | 407 (53.2) | P < 0.001, r = 0.38 |
| Non-somatic, psychogenic | 233 (56.3)a | 68 (19.4)b | 301 (39.4) | ||
| Non-somatic, unspecific | 36 (8.7)a | 21 (19.4)a | 57 (7.5) | ||
| Permanent dizziness/vertigo | Yes | 219 (56.6) | 188 (56.8) | 407 (56.7) | P > 0.05 |
| No | 168 (43.4) | 143 (43.2) | 311 (43.3) | ||
| Attacs | Yes | 249 (67.5) | 159 (52.3) | 408 (60.6) | P < 0.001, r = −0.15 |
| No | 120 (32.5) | 145 (47.7) | 265 (39.4) | ||
| Falls | Yes | 108 (28.5) | 119 (37.2) | 227 (32.5) | P = 0.017, r = 0.085 |
| No | 271 (71.5) | 201 (62.8) | 472 (67.5) | ||
| Disease duration | ≤ 2 months | 16 (4.0)a | 5 (1.5)b | 21 (2.9) | P < 0.001, r = −0.18 |
| 2–6 months | 53 (13.4)a | 23 (7.0)b | 76 (10.5) | ||
| 0.5–1 years | 93 (23.4)a | 58 (17.6)a | 151 (20.8) | ||
| 1–2 years | 95 (23.9)a | 83 (25.2)a | 178 (24.5) | ||
| 3–5 years | 66 (16.6)a | 80 (24.2)b | 146 (20.1) | ||
| >5 years | 74 (18.6)a | 81 (24.6)a | 155 (21.3) |
Significance refers to comparison between younger and older patients. Values in the same row and sub-table where the subscript is not identical differ strongly at p < 0.05 in the two-tailed test for equality for column proportions. The r indicates effect size by the Rank-Biserial correlation. SD, standard deviation; VAS, visual analog scale; BPPV, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; BV, bilateral vestibulopathy; CV, central vertigo; MD, Meniere's disease; MultD, multisensory deficit; VM, vestibular migraine; VN, vestibular neuritis; VP, vestibular paroxysmia; VS, vestibular schwannoma.