Table 1.
Mesenchymal stem cells for cryptoglandular anal fistula: clinical trials.
| References | Type of study | Type of fistula | N. pts* | Associated techniques | Rate of healing | Complications (Rate of Adverse Event) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Garcia-Olmo et al. (25) | Phase II multicenter randomized controlled trial | Complex, both cryptoglandular and Crohn's | 24 (15) | Fibrin glue | 71% | Perianal abscess (5,7%) |
| Herreros et al. (26) | Multicenter randomized single-blind clinical trial | Cryptoglandular transsphincteric, suprasphincteric, intersphincteric | 124 (183) | Fibrin glue or alone | 40–42% | Proctalgia (43%), pain (13,7%), perianal abscess (13,1%), fever (9,3%), swelling (6,6%), pruritus (6,6%) |
| Borowski et al. (20) | Pilot study | Complex cryptoglandular | 7 | Closure of the internal opening with advancement flap | 57.1% | Minor soiling (14,3%) |
| Naldini et al. (22) | Pilot study | Complex cryptoglandular transsphincteric | 19 | Fistula curettage and closure of the internal opening (also with flap) | 73.7% | Abdominal hematoma (15,8%), perianal abscess (5,3%) |
| Garcia-Arranz et al. (27) | Randomized clinical trial | Complex cryptoglandular fistulas | 23 (44) | Fibrin glue and closure of the internal opening | 55.5% | Perianal abscess (4,3%) |
| Dozois et al. (28) | Phase I clinical trial | Single-tract transsphincteric | 15 | Anal plug | 20% | Plug extrusion (6,7%), abdominal wall seroma (6,7%), perianal abscess (20%), perianal cellulitis (6,7%) |
| Topal et al. (24) | Single-center experience | Cryptoglandular transsphincteric, suprasphincteric, intersphincteric | 10 | Closure of the internal opening | 70% | Hematoma (20%), perianal abscess (20%) |
| Zhang et al. (29) | Prospective case control study | Complex cryptoglandular | 11 (total 24) | Previous seton, closure of the external opening | 54.55% | Fever, perianal pain (27,7%) |
| Ascanelli et al. (30) | Randomized controlled Study | Complex cryptoglandular | 58 (total 116) | Partial closure of the internal opening | 63.8% | Abdominal wall hematoma (18,9%), Perianal abscess (1,72%), hemorroids complication (18,9%) |
| Maciel Gutiérrez et al. (31) | Nonrandomized controlled trial | Complex cryptoglandular | 20 | Previous seton, closure of the internal opening | 69% | Perianal abscess (15%) |
*
Number of patients treated with ASCs (total patients of the study).