Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 1,587,962 participants stratified by MAFLD and hyperuricemia in the sectional study.
| Overall(n=1,587,962) | Non-MAFLD(n=951,985) | MAFLD(n=635,977) | P-value* | Non-hyperuricemia(n=1,369,166) | Hyperuricemia(n=218,796) | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) years | 46.00 [36.00, 55.00] | 44.00 [34.00, 54.00] | 48.00 [39.00, 56.00] | <0.001 | 46.00 [36.00, 55.00] | 44.00 [35.00, 54.00] | <0.001 |
| Male sex, n(%) | 958184 (60.34) | 496056 (52.11) | 462128(72.66) | <0.001 | 767337(56.04) | 190847(87.23) | <0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 5.16 [4.79, 5.60] | 5.04 [4.70, 5.40] | 5.40 [4.97, 5.98] | <0.001 | 5.14 [4.78, 5.60] | 5.25 [4.85, 5.73] | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 2.72 [2.21, 3.28] | 2.60 [2.12, 3.14] | 2.91 [2.38, 3.46] | <0.001 | 2.70 [2.20, 3.26] | 2.84 [2.31, 3.39] | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 1.30 [1.10, 1.55] | 1.40 [1.18, 1.65] | 1.16 [1.00, 1.36] | <0.001 | 1.33 [1.12, 1.58] | 1.14 [0.98, 1.33] | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 4.72 [4.14, 5.35] | 4.58 [4.04, 5.19] | 4.93 [4.34, 5.57] | <0.001 | 4.69 [4.12, 5.32] | 4.92 [4.33, 5.56] | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 1.31 [0.89, 1.99] | 1.05 [0.76, 1.51] | 1.83 [1.30, 2.65] | <0.001 | 1.24 [0.85, 1.85] | 1.92 [1.31, 2.86] | <0.001 |
| WC (cm, median (IQR)) | 83.00 [75.00, 90.00] | 78.00 [71.00, 84.00] | 91.00 [86.00, 96.00] | <0.001 | 82.00 [74.00, 89.00] | 90.00 [84.00, 96.00] | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2, median (IQR)) | 24.53 [22.43, 26.69] | 23.20 [21.09, 24.96] | 26.51 [24.87, 28.40] | <0.001 | 24.25 [22.10, 26.37] | 26.17 [24.32, 28.28] | <0.001 |
| ALT (U/L, median (IQR)) | 21.00 [15.00, 31.00] | 18.00 [13.00, 25.00] | 27.90 [19.64, 40.00] | <0.001 | 20.00 [14.00, 29.00] | 29.00 [20.00, 42.10] | <0.001 |
| AST (U/L, median (IQR)) | 21.40 [17.70, 26.40] | 20.30 [17.00, 25.00] | 23.00 [19.00, 29.00] | <0.001 | 21.00 [17.00, 26.00] | 24.00 [20.00, 31.00] | <0.001 |
| BUN (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 4.63 [3.87, 5.51] | 4.51 [3.76, 5.40] | 4.80 [4.04, 5.68] | <0.001 | 4.60 [3.81, 5.48] | 4.91 [4.17, 5.80] | <0.001 |
| SUA (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 319.40 [258.20, 383.00] | 291.80 [237.10, 352.00] | 359.60 [303.10, 418.40] | <0.001 | 303.00 [249.00, 355.00] | 465.60 [440.70, 504.00] | <0.001 |
| SCR (umol/L, median (IQR)) | 72.00 [60.00, 83.00] | 69.00 [57.40, 80.50] | 75.20 [65.00, 86.00] | <0.001 | 70.00 [58.50, 81.00] | 82.00 [73.00, 92.00] | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg, median (IQR)) | 122.00 [110.00, 135.00] | 119.00 [109.00, 130.00] | 130.00 [119.00, 140.00] | <0.001 | 120.00 [110.00, 134.00] | 128.00 [118.00, 140.00] | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg, median (IQR)) | 77.00 [70.00, 85.00] | 73.00 [67.00, 80.00] | 81.00 [74.00, 90.00] | <0.001 | 76.00 [69.00, 84.00] | 80.00 [73.00, 90.00] | <0.001 |
| BMI≥23, n(%) | 1117303 (70.36) | 509863 (53.56) | 607440 (95.51) | <0.001 | 922215 (67.36) | 195088 (89.16) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n(%) | 432501 (27.33) | 176297 (18.58) | 256204 (40.44) | <0.001 | 349293 (25.60) | 83208 (38.16) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes, n(%) | 120285 (7.57) | 38503 (4.04) | 81782 (12.86) | <0.001 | 104992 (7.67) | 15293 (6.99) | <0.001 |
| Hyperuricemia, n(%) | 218796 (13.78) | 74160 (7.79) | 144636 (22.74) | <0.001 | – | – | – |
| MAFLD, n(%) | 635977 (40.05) | – | – | – | 491341 (35.89) | 144636 (66.11) | <0.001 |
FBG, fasting blood glucose; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate transaminase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; SUA, serum uric acid; SCR, serum creatinine; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAFLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.
*: P-value was calculated by Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables, as well as the χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.