Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the sample.
| Total (n = 1,897) | Men (n = 612) | Women (n = 1,285) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | % | % | % | P-value |
| Age (years)* | 69.2 ± 6.8 | 69.3 ± 6.4 | 69.2 ± 7.0 | 0.7651 |
| Age groups | 0.029 | |||
| 60–69.9 | 70.0 | 68.0 | 71.0 | |
| 70–79.9 | 20.5 | 23.7 | 18.9 | |
| ≥80 | 9.5 | 8.3 | 10.1 | |
| Education> 8 years | 40.4 | 41.1 | 40.0 | 0.5831 |
| Living alone | 10.0 | 8.9 | 10.5 | 0.290 |
| Functional limitation | 16.6 | 11.4 | 19.1 | <0.001 |
| Multimorbidity (≥2 CD) | 47.4 | 42.8 | 49.6 | <0.001 |
| Depression (GDS-5) | 30.9 | 26.3 | 33.0 | 0.0031 |
| BMI* | 28.6 ± 5.0 | 27.5 ± 4.4 | 29.1 ± 5.2 | <0.001 |
| Nutritional status | <0.001 | |||
| Underweight | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.0 | |
| Normal | 21.0 | 26.0 | 18.6 | |
| Overweight | 43.5 | 47.1 | 41.8 | |
| Obese | 33.4 | 24.7 | 37.6 | |
| Sarcopenia | 22.4 | 22.1 | 22.6 | 0.804 |
| Falls | 32.6 | 27.8 | 34.8 | 0.003 |
| ADL limitation ≥ 1 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 12.2 | 0.553 |
| IADL limitation ≥ 1 | 26.8 | 31.2 | 24.8 | 0.003 |
| MMSE | 6.8 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 0.649 |
*
Mean and standard deviation.