Table 1.
Intakes of CVD-related food groups and nutrients from FFQ1, FFQ2, mean of FFQs and 24 hRs in Northwest Mexican adolescents (n 221)
| CVD-related food groups and nutrients | AHA target | FFQ1 | FFQ2 | P valuea | FFQ mean | 24 hR mean | P valueb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | ||||
| Fruits & vegetables (cups/d) | ≥4·5 cups/d | 3·2 | 1·7 | 4·0 | 3·1 | <0·001 | 3·6 | 2·2 | 0·17 | 0·15 | <0·001 |
| Fish & shellfish (oz/wk) | ≥7 oz/wk | 17·1 | 12·9 | 18·7 | 22·6 | 0·285 | 18·0 | 14·9 | 0·8 | 1·8 | <0·001 |
| Sodium (mg/d) | ≤1500 mg/d | 2162·0 | 1498·8 | 2334·6 | 2536·6 | 0·276 | 2248·3 | 1720·1 | 1191·7 | 116 | <0·001 |
| SSBs (oz/wk) | ≤36 fl oz/wk | 132·3 | 90·7 | 107·9 | 64·5 | <0·001 | 120·1 | 68·2 | 18·3 | 12·1 | <0·001 |
| Whole grains (g/d) | 3 or more 1-oz-eq servings/d | 2·5 | 1·6 | 2·6 | 1·7 | 0·583 | 2·5 | 1·5 | 0·5 | 0·3 | <0·001 |
| Nuts & seeds (oz/wk) | 1 oz | 1·1 | 1·3 | 1·4 | 2·0 | 0·003 | 1·3 | 2·5 | 0·02 | 0·08 | <0·001 |
| Legumes (cups/wk) | 1/2 cup | 1·4 | 1·9 | 1·5 | 2·1 | 0·045 | 1·4 | 2·0 | 0·3 | 0·3 | <0·001 |
| Nuts, seeds & legumes mean (servings/wk) | ≥4 servings/wk (nuts/seeds: 1 oz; legumes 1/2 cup) | 2·5 | 2·5 | 3·1 | 3·7 | 0·001 | 2·2 | 2·8 | 0·3 | 0·3 | <0·001 |
| Processed meats (oz/wk) | ≤3·5 oz/wk | 20·4 | 13·2 | 21·0 | 15·7 | 0·051 | 20·7 | 18·6 | 11·91 | 2·3 | <0·001 |
| Saturated fat (kcal/d) | 175·8 | 87·7 | 139·2 | 54·6 | <0·001 | 157·5 | 61·8 | 24·1 | 8·2 | <0·001 | |
| Saturated fat (%/d) | ≤7 % energy/d | 10·5 | 6·1 | 9·4 | 4·9 | 0·015 | 10·0 | 4·6 | 7·5 | 0·5 | <0·001 |
CVD, cardiovascular disease; FFQ, food frequency questionnaire; 24 hR, 24-h recall; AHA, American Heart Association; wk, week; SSB, sugar-sweetened beverage.
a
Paired-samples t-test between FFQ1 and FFQ2.
b
Paired-samples t-test between FFQ mean and 24 hR mean.