Table 1.
Weighted percentages and odds ratios of invitation to a clinical trial among U.S. adults, HINTS 5 Cycle 4 (2020).
| Ever Invited to Clinical Trial |
Tests of Associations |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Noa |
Yes |
Yes compared to No |
||
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Total | 91.0 (89.4, 92.5) | 9.0 (7.5, 10.6) | – | – |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 91.6 (88.9, 93.7) | 8.4 (6.3, 11.1) | Ref | Ref |
| Female | 91.0 (88.8, 92.7) | 9.0 (7.3, 11.2) | 1.09 (0.73, 1.62) | 1.11 (0.74, 1.6) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 91.3 (89.2, 93.0) | 8.7 (7.0, 10.8) | Ref | Ref |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 84.0 (77.6, 88.8) | 16.0 (11.2, 22.4) | 2.00** (1.25, 3.21) | 1.87* (1.08, 3.23) |
| Hispanic | 93.6 (89.5, 96.1) | 6.4 (3.9, 10.5) | 0.72 (0.41, 1.29) | 0.11 (0.53, 2.35) |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 98.0 (94.0, 99.3) | 2.0 (0.7, 6.0) | 0.22** (0.07, 0.68) | 0.22* (0.06, 0.74) |
| Non-Hispanic Other | 87.1 (74.8, 93.9) | 12.9 (6.1, 25.2) | 1.55 (0.69, 3.49) | 1.74 (0.76, 3.98) |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 18–34 | 94.5 (91.1, 96.6) | 5.5 (3.4, 8.9) | Ref | Ref |
| 35–49 | 90.8 (87.3, 93.4) | 9.2 (6.6, 12.7) | 1.73 (0.96, 3.10) | 1.51 (0.77, 2.97) |
| 50–64 | 90.9 (88.3, 92.9) | 9.1 (7.1, 11.7) | 1.72 (0.97, 3.05) | 1.47 (0.82, 2.62) |
| 65–74 | 86.7 (83.2, 89.6) | 13.3 (10.4, 16.8) | 2.61*** (1.47, 4.63) | 2.90*** (1.53, 5.52) |
| 75+ | 89.8 (84.9, 93.2) | 10.2 (6.8, 15.1) | 1.95* (1.14, 3.31) | 1.90 (0.82, 4.38) |
| Education | ||||
| Less than High School | 95.0 (91.1, 97.2) | 5.0 (2.8, 8.9) | Ref | Ref |
| High School Graduate | 93.9 (90.0, 96.0) | 6.1 (4.0, 9.1) | 1.23 (0.64, 2.36) | 1.14 (0.44, 2.99) |
| Some College | 91.1 (88.5, 93.2) | 8.9 (6.8, 11.5) | 1.85 (0.94, 3.63) | 1.97 (0.79, 4.91) |
| Coll. graduate or more | 88.0 (85.0, 90.4) | 12.0 (9.6, 15.0) | 2.59** (1.34, 5.02) | 4.60** (1.61, 13.16) |
| Income (in thousands) | ||||
| Less than $20 | 88.0 (82.5, 91.9) | 12.0 (8.1, 17.5) | Ref | Ref |
| 20–35 | 91.2 (85.9, 94.7) | 8.8 (5.3, 14.1) | 0.70 (0.39, 1.28) | 0.75 (0.33, 1.72) |
| 35–50 | 92.7 (87.9, 95.7) | 7.3 (4.3, 12.1) | 0.58 (0.28, 1.21) | 0.79 (0.31, 2.02) |
| 50–75 | 91.6 (87.8, 94.3) | 8.4 (5.7, 12.2) | 0.67 (0.35, 1.27) | 0.66 (0.28, 1.54) |
| 75+ | 92.2 (89.7, 94.1) | 7.8 (5.9, 10.3) | 0.62 (0.37, 1.05) | 0.43* (0.20, 0.97) |
| Urban-Rural | ||||
| Small town/rural | 97.0 (92.7, 98.8) | 3.0 (1.2, 7.3) | Ref | Ref |
| Micropolitan | 94.1 (86.9, 97.5) | 5.9 (2.5, 13.1) | 2.01 (0.54, 7.48) | 1.74 (0.35, 8.73) |
| Metropolitan | 90.4 (88.7, 91.9) | 9.6 (8.1, 11.3) | 3.41** (1.39, 8.39) | 4.00* (1.02, 15.46) |
| Cancer History | ||||
| No | 92.0 (90.3, 93.4) | 8.0 (6.6, 9.7) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 84.0 (78.6, 88.3) | 16.0 (11.7, 21.4) | 2.18*** (1.43, 3.30) | 1.43 (0.92, 2.20) |
| Chronic Lunch Disease | ||||
| No | 92.3 (90.6, 93.7) | 7.7 (6.3, 9.4) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 83.3 (76.7, 88.3) | 16.7 (11.7, 23.3) | 2.40*** (1.51, 3.82) | 1.82* (1.14, 2.90) |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | 91.6 (89.7, 93.2) | 8.4 (6.8, 10.3) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 88.3 (84.8, 91.1) | 11.7 (8.9, 15.2) | 1.45* (1.00, 2.10) | 1.52* (1.01, 2.28) |
| Use smart device, internet or email to communicate with doctor | ||||
| No | 93.0 (90.9, 94.6) | 7.0 (5.4, 9.1) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 89.1 (86.6, 91.2) | 10.9 (8.8, 13.4) | 1.62*** (1.15, 2.28) | 1.18 (0.77, 1.82) |
| Has smart device helped in discussions with provider | ||||
| No | 93.5 (91.6, 95.0) | 6.5 (5.0, 8.4) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 87.0 (83.7, 89.7) | 13.0 (10.3, 16.3) | 2.16*** (1.48, 3.16) | 1.56* (1.02, 2.37) |
| Is there a particular health care provider you see often | ||||
| No | 95.1 (93.0, 96.6) | 4.9 (3.4, 7.0) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 88.5 (86.1, 90.6) | 11.5 (9.4, 13.9) | 2.54*** (1.63, 3.95) | 1.27 (0.72, 2.25) |
| Seek Cancer Info any Source | ||||
| No | 94.1 (92.3, 95.5) | 5.9 (4.5, 7.7) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 87.4 (84.5, 89.8) | 12.6 (10.2, 15.5) | 2.28*** (1.59, 3.26) | 1.70* (1.05, 2.76) |
Note. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; Ref, reference category. ***= p < 0.001; **= p < 0.01; *= p < 0.05.
aRespondents who reported “no” or “I don’t know/I don’t remember”.