Table 2.
Temporal Trends in Health Care Spending in Patients With IBD,
| Category | APC Slope 1 (95% CI) | APC Slope 2 (95% CI) | Δ Slope 2-1 P | APC Slope 3 (95% CI) | Δ Slope 3-2 P | APC Slope 4 (95% CI) | Δ Slope 4-3 P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| By age groups | |||||||
| < 20 y | –0.48 (–0.88 to –0.09; 1996-2010) | 5.87 (2.15-9.72; 2010-2014) | 0.003 | 11.50 (4.64-18.82; 2014-2016) | 0.15 | — | — |
| 20-44 y | 3.10 (2.15-4.06; 1996-2008) | 8.19 (–4.07 to 22.01; 2008-2011) | 0.40 | 1.71 (–0.71 to 4.19; (2011-2016) | 0.30 | — | — |
| 45-64 y | 4.26 (3.74-4.78; 1996-2013) | 18.11 (13.23-23.19; 2013-2016) | <0.0001 | — | — | — | — |
| ≥ 65 y | 1.11 (0.76-1.45; 1996-2014) | 32.78 (24.01-42.17; 2014-2016) | <0.0001 | — | — | — | — |
| By type of care | |||||||
| Ambulatory | 3.37 (1.85-4.92; 1996-2002) | –2.10 (–4.46 to 0.31; 2002-2007) | 0.001 | 5.54 (4.93-6.16; 2007-2016) | <0.0001 | — | — |
| Inpatient | 1.66 (1.29-2.03; 1996-2014) | 39.15 (29.60-49.41; 2014-2016) | <0.0001 | — | — | — | — |
| Emergency | 2.63 (2.34-2.93; 1996-2013) | 13.20 (10.02-16.46; 2013-2016) | <0.0001 | — | — | — | — |
| Prescriptions | 13.53 (7.71-19.66; 1996-1999) | 4.83 (3.97-5.70; 1999-2008) | 0.008 | 16.25 (10.09-22.75; 2008-2011) | 0.002 | –1.60 (–2.66 to –0.53; 2011-2016) | <0.0001 |
| Nursing Care | –0.51 (–4.15 to 3.27; 1996-1998) | –6.01 (–7.15 to –4.86; 1998-2003) | 0.009 | 2.05 (1.72-2.37; 2003-2013) | <0.0001 | 12.48 (10.92-14.05; 2013-2016) | <0.0001 |
Spending by age and type of care between 1996 and 2016 (per 1000-patient prevalence). Minimum percentage points difference 5% between consecutive APC segments.
APC indicates annual percentage change.