Table 1.
Various types of biomaterials as alternatives of Matrigel for organoid culture
| Materials | Material type | Cell type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural | Collagen | ASC-derived intestinal organoid | (12, 13) |
| ASC-derived stomach organoid | (14) | ||
| ASC-derived colon organoid | (14) | ||
| ESC-derived kidney organoid | (15) | ||
| Primary mammary epithelial cell-derived mammary organoid | (16) | ||
| Alginate | PSC-derived intestinal organoid | (17, 18) | |
| Collagen–laminin–fibronectin–hyaluronan | Primary mammary epithelial cell-derived mammary organoid | (20) | |
| Fibrin–laminin | ASC-derived small intestinal, pancreatic and liver organoids | (22) | |
| Decellularized tissue | Brain | PSC-derived brain organoid | (28, 29) |
| Islet | ASC-derived islet organoid | (32, 33) | |
| Endometrium | ASC-derived endometrium organoid | (36) | |
| Testicle | ASC-derived testicular organoid | (35) | |
| Retina | ASC-derived retinal organoid | (34) | |
| ASC-derived intestinal organoid | (30, 31) | ||
| Intestine | ASC-derived hepatocyte organoid | (31) | |
| ASC-derived pancreatic organoid | (31) | ||
| Synthetic | PEG | PSC-derived cardiac organoid | (38) |
| ASC-derived intestinal enteroid and endometrial organoid | (37, 40) | ||
| PSC-derived intestinal organoid | (37, 39) | ||
| PSC-derived lung organoid | (37, 39) | ||
| PLGA | PSC-derived intestinal organoid | (45, 46) | |
| PSC-derived lung organoid | (45) | ||
| PCL | PSC-derived lung organoid | (45, 47) | |
| pNIPAM | ASC-derived intestinal organoid | (47) | |
| PVA | PSC-derived kidney organoid | (48) | |
| Hybrid | PEG-fibrin | PSC-derived liver organoid | (44) |
| PEG-gelatin | ASC-derived liver organoid | (43) |