Table 1.
NDDs and other neural disorders modeled so far using cerebral organoids
| Neurodevelopment disorder modeled | Modeled gene mutation/environmental condition | Patient specific (PS)/ Genetically modified (GM) |
References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microcephaly | WRD62 | GM | (15) |
| CDK5RAP2 | PS | (8) | |
| CHMP1A | GM | (16) | |
| Lissencephaly | KATNB1 | GM | (17) |
| Miller Dieker Syndrome | 17p13.3 deletion | PS | (18) |
| Macrocephaly | PTEN | GM | (19) |
| (Seckel syndrome) | CPAP | PS | (20) |
| Periventricular heteropia | PLEKHG6 | GM | (21) |
| DCHS1 and FAT4 | PS & GM | (22) | |
| Schizophrenia | DISC1 | GM | (23) |
| 16p13.11 microduplication | PS | (24) | |
| FGFR1 | PS | (25) | |
| Autism spectrum disorder | CHD8 | GM | (26) |
| Down syndrome | Trisomy 21 | PS | (27) |
| Rett syndrome | MeCP2 | PS | (28) |
| GM1 gangliosidosis | GLB1 | GM | (29) |
| GM2 gangliosidosis/Sandhoff disease | HEXB | PS | (30) |
| Other neural disorders modeled | |||
| Alzheimer’s disease | PSN1 | PS | (31) |
| APOE4 | GM | (32, 33) | |
| Frontotemporal dementia | MAPT | PS | (34) |
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | Exposure to CJD prion subtypes | PS | (35) |
| Hereditary spastic paraplegia | SPG11 | PS | (36) |
| Huntington’s disease | HTT | PS | (37) |