TABLE 2.

Performance of IPCW model of the difference in RMTL in simulation studies, τ = 365 days

				β1 = −54.75 days					β2 = −36.5 days
PSH	Sample size	Exposed	Censoring	Bias, days	Rel bias	RMSE, days	Rel SE	Cov	Bias, days	Rel bias	RMSE, days	Rel SE	Cov
Yes	500	50%	10%	0.076	−0.001	13.241	0.956	0.938	0.049	−0.001	13.251	0.956	0.938
			25%	0.135	−0.002	14.340	0.955	0.939	0.088	−0.002	14.282	0.955	0.942
		25%	10%	0.307	−0.006	15.096	0.977	0.942	0.116	−0.003	15.332	0.977	0.936
			25%	0.035	−0.001	16.661	0.957	0.935	0.481	−0.013	17.037	0.957	0.930
	1000	50%	10%	−0.039	0.001	9.251	0.968	0.943	−0.055	0.002	9.106	0.968	0.945
			25%	−0.149	0.003	10.132	0.957	0.937	0.097	−0.003	10.095	0.957	0.940
		25%	10%	−0.254	0.005	10.772	0.969	0.942	0.068	−0.002	10.852	0.969	0.933
			25%	0.006	0.000	11.811	0.954	0.937	−0.086	0.002	11.781	0.954	0.938
No	500	50%	10%	−0.204	0.004	13.411	0.963	0.942	−0.133	0.004	13.327	0.963	0.943
			25%	0.097	−0.002	14.458	0.967	0.943	−0.341	0.009	14.375	0.967	0.943
		25%	10%	0.077	−0.001	15.833	0.963	0.941	−0.276	0.008	15.311	0.963	0.941
			25%	−0.152	0.003	17.372	0.958	0.938	0.175	−0.005	17.405	0.958	0.938
	1000	50%	10%	0.189	−0.003	9.304	0.982	0.942	−0.087	0.002	9.386	0.982	0.944
			25%	−0.163	0.003	10.366	0.954	0.938	−0.134	0.004	10.363	0.954	0.937
		25%	10%	−0.056	0.001	11.058	0.974	0.944	0.016	0.000	10.818	0.974	0.941
			25%	0.034	−0.001	12.289	0.957	0.937	−0.190	0.005	12.066	0.957	0.937

Note: To assess the IPCW model, we generated competing risks data dependent on two binary covariates (Z₁, Z₂). We set the true unadjusted difference in RMTL at τ = 365 days, $\left({\beta }_1,{\beta }_2\right)=\{{\mu }_{1,1z_2}(\tau )-{\mu }_{1,0z_2}(\tau ),({\mu }_{1,z_{1}1}(\tau )-{\mu }_{1,z_{1}0}(\tau )\}$.

Abbreviations: IPCW, inverse probability of censoring weighted; PSH, proportional subdistribution hazards; Rel SE, mean estimated standard error/Monte Carlo empirical error; RMSE, root of mean squared error; RMTL, restricted mean time lost.