Table 2.

Behavioral markers of the ORI stages

Stage	Condition	Readiness needs	Expected outcome
ORI-1 Pre-Contemplation	No awareness of the need to change practice or intention to act OR demoralized from having tried changing practice in the past and failed.	Knowledge about the intervention and the change process, exposure, inspiration, explanation of general benefits for the clients and the organization	Willingness to consider, but not to act (interest)
ORI-2 Contemplation	Acknowledge the need for change, open to the change, but expresses concerns about risks, costs, and ambivalence.	Identifying personal benefits of the change, verifying supports, and evaluating the feasibility of the change process	Willingness to become actively involved (motivation)
ORI-3 Preparation	Acceptance and readiness to make small steps towards the change	Developing belief in the success of the process, securing resources	Planning active steps (preparedness)

Stage

Condition

Readiness needs

Expected outcome

ORI-1

Pre-Contemplation

No awareness of the need to change practice or intention to act OR demoralized from having tried changing practice in the past and failed.

Knowledge about the intervention and the change process, exposure, inspiration, explanation of general benefits for the clients and the organization

Willingness to consider, but not to act (interest)

ORI-2

Contemplation

Acknowledge the need for change, open to the change, but expresses concerns about risks, costs, and ambivalence.

Identifying personal benefits of the change, verifying supports, and evaluating the feasibility of the change process

Willingness to become actively involved (motivation)

ORI-3

Preparation

Acceptance and readiness to make small steps towards the change

Developing belief in the success of the process, securing resources

Planning active steps (preparedness)

Adapted from the Transtheoretical Model [19]