TABLE 4.

Summary of available data on the role of antibody-mediated immunity to M. tuberculosis

Effect or parameter	Experimental result	References with evidence for effect	References with evidence against effect
Level of antibody in serum correlates with protection against infection and/or improved prognosis	There is evidence for and against the benefit of serum antibody to mycobacterial antigens	Human studies: 20, 26, 29, 106	Human studies: 58, 64, 87
		Animal studies: 67, 68, 102, 104
Passive antibody administration modifies infection to the benefit of the host	Antibody administration has been associated with protection, no protection, or enhancement of infection	Human studies: 3, 7, 14, 15, 25, 37, 44, 50–53, 55, 57, 61, 65, 70, 71, 75, 84–86, 89, 94, 105, 108–110	Human studies: 38, 63, 110, 119
		Animal studies: 3, 31, 37, 56, 69, 71, 115, 124	Animal studies: 42, 92, 112, 113
Infection associated with conditions of impaired antibody-mediated immunity	There is no evidence that tuberculosis is more prevalent or severe in classical antibody deficiencies	None	None
Antibody inhibits mycobacteria in vitro	There is experimental evidence for and against an effect of antibody against M. tuberculosis in vitro	9, 36, 60, 69, 101, 103, 114, 124	112
Antibody enhances cell-mediated immunity against M. tuberculosis	There is experimental evidence for and against the efficacy of antibody in enhancing cellular function against M. tuberculosis	4, 22	49, 111