Table 1.
Characteristics of students who reported a health care visit in the last 6 months and comparison of nonusers and users of the portal (N=289).
| Variable | Nonusera (n=124) | Userb (n=165) | P valuec | ||
| Age group (years), n (%) | .03 | ||||
|
|
18-23 | 107 (86.3) | 125 (75.8) |
|
|
|
|
24-29 | 17 (13.7) | 40 (24.2) |
|
|
| Gender, n (%) | .30 | ||||
|
|
Female | 92 (74.2) | 131 (79.4) |
|
|
|
|
Not female | 32 (25.8) | 34 (20.6) |
|
|
| Ethnicity, n (%) | .46 | ||||
|
|
Not Hispanic | 109 (87.9) | 140 (84.8) |
|
|
|
|
Hispanic | 15 (12.1) | 25 (15.2) |
|
|
| Race, n (%) | .97 | ||||
|
|
White | 82 (66.1) | 111 (67.3) |
|
|
|
|
Black | 11 (8.9) | 15 (9.1) |
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|
|
|
Asian | 15 (12.1) | 17 (10.3) |
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|
|
|
Other | 16 (12.9) | 22 (13.3) |
|
|
| Years residing in United States, n (%) | .86 | ||||
|
|
0-5 years | 9 (7.3) | 14 (8.5) |
|
|
|
|
More than 5 years | 113 (91.1) | 149 (90.3) |
|
|
|
|
Prefer not to answer | 2 (1.6) | 2(1.2) |
|
|
| Parents' household income (US $), n (%) | .95 | ||||
|
|
<40,000 | 36 (29.0) | 45 (27.3) |
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|
|
|
41,000-80,000 | 39 (31.5) | 54 (32.7) |
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|
|
|
>80,000 | 47 (37.9) | 62 (37.6) |
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|
|
|
Missing | 2 (1.6) | 4 (2.4) |
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|
| University type, n (%) | .002 | ||||
|
|
Public | 62 (50.0) | 112 (67.9) |
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|
|
|
Private/not public | 62 (50.0) | 53 (32.1) |
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|
| Insurance type, n (%) | .38 | ||||
|
|
Private | 109 (87.9) | 139 (84.2) |
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|
|
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Public | 15 (12.1) | 26 (15.8) |
|
|
| Do you have a health condition or disease that requires periodic visits or monitoring by a physician? n (%) | .14 | ||||
|
|
No | 98 (79.0) | 118 (71.5) |
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|
|
|
Yes | 26 (21.0) | 47 (28.5) |
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|
| Health care utilization in the previous 6 months, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Physician visits (not including emergency department or urgent care) | 1.73 (1.16) | 2.11 (1.49) | .02d | |
|
|
Emergency department visits (nonuser n=123, user n=163) | 0.22 (0.61) | 0.36 (0.82) | .09d | |
|
|
Urgent care visits (nonuser n=121, user n=164) | 0.48 (0.88) | 0.59 (1.00) | .35 | |
|
|
Total encounters (sum score) | 2.41 (1.80) | 3.05 (2.32) | .009d | |
| e-literacy (sum score, range 8-48), mean (SD) | 26.33 (10.45) | 27.15 (10.08) | .50 | ||
| Patient engagement (Altarum Consumer Engagement Measure sum score, range 12-60; nonuser n=123, user n=163), mean (SD) | 37.89 (6.79) | 41.83 (7.56) | .001 | ||
aNonusers were defined as those who reported not using any of the 8 portal features.
bUsers were defined as those who reported using at least one of the 8 portal features.
cP values for Pearson chi-square test or t test. Italicized P values indicate significant difference between users and nonusers.
dLevene test P<.05, equal variances not assumed.