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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Res. 2021 Dec 13;82(3):458–471. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-1297

Figure 4. GSK126 treatment of S phase-enriched AML cells further increases Doxo-induced DNA damage and apoptosis.

Figure 4.

(A) DNA content analysis of THP-1 cells (untreated, treated with Palbociclib (24 h; 500 nM)/washed, and cultured for an additional 10 hours in medium without Palbociclib or without Palbociclib+GSK126. (B) Heatmaps of normalized chromatin accessibility reads from ATAC-seq experiments in untreated and GSK126-treated unsynchronized THP-1 cells and in cells released from Palbociclib-induced cell cycle arrest and left untreated or treated with GSK126; heatmaps are ordered by total ATAC signals and each row represents the same DNA segment in all conditions. (C) THP-1 cells were treated with Palbociclib (500 nM; 24 h) to induce G1 arrest. After washing, THP-1 cells re-entering S phase were treated with GSK126 (5 μM; 12 h), before adding Doxo (0.1 μM) or GSK126/Doxo. DNA damage and apoptosis were examined after 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Left, quantification of γ-H2AX foci +/− SEM. Anova ***p<0.001; Right, apoptosis (Caspase 3/7 activity) by flow cytometry. Mean +/− SEM. Anova, *p<0.05: **p<0.01.