Table 3.

Factors associated with postoperative endothelial cell density.

		Univariate models*, †		Multivariate models*, ‡
Prognostic factor	n	Mean ECD at 24-month (95% CI)	p	Mean %ECD loss at 24-month (95% CI)	p
Donor age, y
18–59	107	992 (883–1,100)	0.08	63.4 (59.6–67.3)	0.21
60–69	128	981 (870–1,092)		64.1 (60.3–68.0)
70–79	116	767 (672–862)		70.7 (67.1–74.1)
80–95	32	799 (577–1,022)		71.3 (64.0–78.7)
Donor lens status
Phakic	312	967 (900–1,033)	0.02	64.3 (61.9–66.6)	<0.001
IOL	71	628 (522–734)		76.5 (72.7–80.2)
Graft ECD, cells/mm2
2,010–2,499	111	669 (590–747)	0.07	70.8 (67.3–74.2)	0.08
2,500–2,749	123	845 (752–938)		67.4 (63.8–71.0)
2,750–2,999	75	1013 (881–1,145)		64.7 (60.1–69.3)
3,000–3,812	74	1244 (1,073–1,414)		60.5 (54.9–66.0)
Endothelial folds§
None	105	1069 (959–1,179)	0.04	60.2 (56.2–64.3)	0.002
Mild to moderate	278	842 (773–911)		68.9 (66.5–71.3)
Recipient sex
Male	133	828 (729–927)	0.05	69.4 (65.9–72.8)	0.07
Female	250	944 (871–1,018)		65.0 (62.4–67.6)
Etiology
FECD	35	1245 (1,043–1,448)	0.06	54.7 (47.8–61.6)	0.001
Non-FECD	348	867 (808–931)		67.7 (65.6–69.8)

CI, confidence interval; ECD, endothelial cell density; FECD, Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy; IOL, intraocular lens.

^*Adjusted for recipient and surgeon (random effect).

^†The interaction of potential risk factors and postoperative time were analyzed.

^‡The percentage ECD loss at 24-month is calculated as (24-month ECD – graft ECD)/graft ECD × 100.

^§Grafts without folds were defined as having “no graft folds,” “mild graft folds” were defined by the presence of graft folds limited to <25% of the area of the total cornea, and “moderate graft folds” were defined by the presence of graft folds occupying more than 25% of the area of the total cornea.

Bold numbers indicate P < 0.05.