Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study patients
| Patient characteristics | Patients (N = 91) | HRs (N = 4447) |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 57.0 (10.6) | |
| 18–49, n (%) | 25 (27.47) | 1205 (27.10) |
| 50–64, n (%) | 41 (45.05) | 3242 (72.90) |
| ≥65, n (%) | 25 (27.47) | 1004 (22.58) |
| Female, n (%) | 24 (26.37) | 1038 (23.34) |
| White, n (%) | 63 (69.23) | 3292 (74.03) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 30.3 (5.0) | |
| <25, n (%) | 8 (8.79) | 381 (8.57) |
| 25–35, n (%) | 68 (74.73) | 3296 (74.12) |
| >35, n (%) | 15 (16.48) | 770 (17.32) |
| Current/previous smoker, n (%) | 46 (50.55) | 2387 (53.68) |
| Medicaid, n (%) | 7 (7.69) | 195 (4.38) |
| Admission characteristics, n (%) | ||
| STEMI | 41 (45.05) | 2348 (52.80) |
| LVEF <40% | 16 (17.58) | 712 (16.01) |
| Incomplete revascularization | 9 (9.89) | 498 (11.20) |
| PCI performed | 69 (75.82) | 3484 (78.34) |
| CABG performed | 20 (21.98) | 706 (15.88) |
| Transfusion performed | 16 (17.58) | 562 (12.64) |
| TIMI major bleeding | 1 (1.10) | 8 (0.18) |
| Development of heart failure | 11 (12.09) | 397 (8.93) |
| Cardiac rehab referral | 76 (83.52) | 3877 (87.18) |
| Cardiogenic shock | 0 | 0 |
| Past medical history, n (%) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | 47 (51.65) | 2332 (52.44) |
| Hypertension | 58 (63.74) | 2736 (61.52) |
| Heart failure† | 2 (2.20) | 159 (3.58) |
| Previous PCI | 13 (14.29) | 668 (15.02) |
| Previous CABG | 6 (6.59) | 398 (8.95) |
| Stroke | 6 (6.59) | 223 (5.01) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2 (2.20) | 6 (0.13) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3 (3.30) | 159 (3.58) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 4 (4.40) | 134 (3.01) |
| Prior MI | 9 (9.89) | 523 (11.76) |
| T2DM | 33 (36.26) | 1450 (32.61) |
| Chronic lung disease | 11 (12.09) | 609 (13.69) |
| Dialysis | 1 (1.10) | 112 (2.52) |
| GU/GI bleeding in last 6 mo | 1 (1.10) | 112 (2.52) |
| Depression | 6 (6.59) | 99 (2.23) |
| Cardiac medications, n (%) | ||
| ADP receptor inhibitors | 81 (89.01) | 4165 (93.66) |
| ACE inhibitors/ARBs | 52 (57.14) | 2699 (60.69) |
| Anticoagulants | 13 (14.29) | 453 (10.19) |
| Aspirin | 84 (92.31) | 4127 (92.80) |
| Beta blockers | 85 (93.41) | 4144 (93.19) |
| Calcium channel blockers | 8 (8.79) | 302 (6.79) |
| Diuretics | 28 (30.77) | 1007 (22.64) |
| Statins | 89 (97.80) | 4356 (97.95) |
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; ADP = adenosine diphosphate; ARBs = angiotensin II receptor blockers; BMI = body mass index; CABG = coronary artery bypass graft; GI = gastrointestinal; GU = genitourinary; HR = heart rate; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; MI = myocardial infarction; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI = ST-elevated myocardial infarction; TIMI = thrombolysis in myocardial infarction; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus.
†
Heart failure diagnosis prior to index admission.