TABLE 1.
Immune response | Locationb | Associated clinical observationsb | Reference(s) |
---|---|---|---|
Upper airway | |||
↑ Kinins | NS | ↑ Symptom scores | 98 |
↑ Neutrophils or myeloperoxidase | NS | ↑ Symptom scores | 91, 98, 125 |
↓ Lymphocytes | Blood | ↑ Symptom scores | 90 |
↑ Lymphocytes | NS | ↑ Symptom scores | 91 |
↑ RV-specific T-cell proliferation | Blood | ↑ Nasal mucus | 75 |
↑ Albumin | NS | ↑ Symptom scores | 98 |
↑ IL-1 | NS | ↑ Symptom scores | 105 |
↑ IL-2 (ex vivo) | Blood | ↓ Nasal mucus, ↓ duration of viral shedding | 75 |
↑ IL-6 | NS | ↑ Symptom scores | 139 |
↑ IL-8 | NS | ↑ Symptom scores | 58, 130 |
Lower airway | |||
↑ Eosinophil cationic protein | Sputum | ↑ Airway responsiveness | 57 |
↓ Lymphocytes | Blood | ↑ Airway responsiveness, MFEV1 | 24, 43 |
↑ Neutrophils | NS | ↑ Airway responsiveness | 58 |
↑ IL-8 | NS | ↑ Airway responsiveness | 58 |
↑ IL-11 | NS | Wheezing | 32 |
Modified from reference 39 with permission of the publisher.
Abbreviations: NS, nasal secretions; MFEV1, maximum fall in forced expiratory volume, during a methacholine challenge.