Table 1.
Organellar transport proteins for Ca2+ and Mn2+ discussed in this review.
MtCNGC15a,b,ca
| Protein | Type | Substrates | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ER, NE | |||
| AtECA1 | P2A ATPase | Ca2+, Mn2+ | Liang et al., 1997; Wu et al., 2002; Shkolnik et al., 2018 |
| MtMCA8 | P2A ATPase | Ca2+, Mn2+ (?)e | Capoen et al., 2011 |
| AtACA1, AtACA4, AtACA7 | P2B ATPase | Ca2+ | Harper et al., 1998; Rahmati Ishka et al., 2021 |
| AtCCX2 | Transporter | Ca2+ (?) | Corso et al., 2018 |
| AtMEB1, AtMEB2 | Transporter | Mn2+, Fe2+ | Yamada et al., 2013 |
| LjCASTOR | Channel | K+, Ca2+ | Charpentier et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2019 |
| MtCNGC15abc | Channel | Ca2+ | Charpentier et al., 2016 |
| AtCNGC15 | Channel | Ca2+ (?) | Leitao et al., 2019 |
| AtGLR3.1, AtGLR3.3a | Channel | Ca2+ | Nguyen et al., 2018 |
|
Golgi Apparatus, PVC, TGN | |||
| AtECA3 | P2A ATPase | Ca2+, Mn2+ | Li et al., 2008; Mills et al., 2008 |
| AtMTP11 | Transporter | Mn2+ | Delhaize et al., 2007; Peiter et al., 2007a |
| OsMTP11 | Transporter | Mn2+ | Farthing et al., 2017; Ma et al., 2018 |
| AtNRAMP2 | Transporter | Mn2+ | Alejandro et al., 2017; Gao et al., 2018 |
|
Vacuole |
|||
| AtACA4, AtACA11 | P2B ATPase | Ca2+ | Geisler et al., 2000; Lee et al., 2007; Hilleary et al., 2020 |
| AtCAX1, AtCAX3 | Transporter | Ca2+ | Hirschi et al., 1996; Conn et al., 2011; Punshon et al., 2012 |
| AtCAX2 | Transporter | Ca2+, Mn2+, Cd2+ | Hirschi et al., 2000; Schaaf et al., 2002; Pittman et al., 2004 |
| AtCAX4 | Transporter | Ca2+, Mn2+, Cd2+ | Cheng et al., 2002; Mei et al., 2009 |
| AtCAX5 | Transporter | Ca2+, Mn2+ | Edmond et al., 2009 |
| OsCAX1a | Transporter | Ca2+, Mn2+ | Kamiya et al., 2005; 2006 |
| VCAX1 | Transporter | Ca2+ | Ueoka-Nakanishi et al., 2000 |
| VvCAX3 | Transporter | Ca2+, Mn2+ | Martins et al., 2017 |
| AtMTP8 | Transporter | Mn2+, Fe2+ | Eroglu et al., 2016, 2017; Chu et al., 2017 |
| OsMTP8.1, OsMTP8.2 | Transporter | Mn2+ | Chen et al., 2013; Takemoto et al., 2017 |
| ShMTP8 | Transporter | Mn2+ | Delhaize et al., 2003 |
| AtNRAMP3, AtNRAMP4 | Transporter | Mn2+, Fe2+, Cd2+ | Thomine et al., 2003; Lanquar et al., 2010 |
| TcNRAMP3, TcNRAMP4 | Transporter | Mn2+, Fe2+, Cd2+ | Oomen et al., 2009 |
| AtVIT1 | Transporter | Mn2+, Fe2+ | Kim et al., 2006 |
| OsVIT1, OsVIT2 | Transporter | Mn2+, Fe2+, Zn2+ | Zhang et al., 2012b |
| TaVIT1 | Transporter | Mn2+, Fe2+ | Connorton et al., 2017 |
| AtZIP1 | Transporter | Mn2+, Zn2+ | Milner et al., 2013 |
| AtGLR3.6a | Channel | Ca2+ | Nguyen et al., 2018 |
| AtTPC1 | Channel | Ca2+, K+, Mg2+ | Hedrich et al., 1986; Peiter et al., 2005 |
|
Chloroplast | |||
| AtBICAT1b | Transporter | Ca2+, Mn2+ | Schneider et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2016; Frank et al., 2019 |
| AtBICAT2c | Transporter | Ca2+, Mn2+ | Eisenhut et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2018; Frank et al., 2019 |
| AtGLR3.4a | Channel | Ca2+ (?) | Teardo et al., 2011 |
| AtGLR3.5a | Channel | Ca2+ (?) | Teardo et al., 2015 |
| AtcMCUd | Channel | Ca2+, Mn2+ (?) | Teardo et al., 2019 |
|
Mitochondrion | |||
| AtGLR3.5a | Channel | Ca2+ (?) | Teardo et al., 2015 |
| AtMCU1d | Channel | Ca2+, Mn2+ (?) | Teardo et al., 2017; Selles et al., 2018 |
| AtMCU2d | Channel | Ca2+, Mn2+ (?) | Selles et al., 2018 |
| AtcMCUd | Channel | Ca2+, Mn2+ (?) | Teardo et al., 2019 |
Note that the absence of an experimentally confirmed substrate, for example, Mn2+ in the case of Ca2+ channels, does not exclude its permeation.
a
In other studies, localization and function of AtGLR3.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6 in the plasma membrane have been demonstrated. For details, see text.
b
BICAT1 has also been named PAM71 and CCHA1.
c
BICAT2 has also been named PAM71-HL and CMT1.
d
Conductance of Mn2+ by (c)MCUs is inferred from their mammalian homologs.
e
(?), Substrates inferred from homologous proteins and not experimentally determined.