Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of psychiatric and non-psychiatric controls, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia 2021.

Characteristics	Cases (psychiatric patients)	Controls	p value
Sex			.561*
Male	55 (57.3%)	56(58.3%)
Female	41(42.7%)	40(41.7%)
Age in years (mean±SD)	37.18±12.59	36.59±13.56	0.754**
Educational status			.076*
No formal education	45(46.9%)	26(27.1%)
Primary education	3(-)	6(6.3%)
Secondary education	17(17.7%)	21(21.9%)
College & above	31(32.2%)	43(44.8%)
Marital status			0.743 *
Single/unmarried	35(36.5%)	33(34.4%)
married	12(12.5%)	33(34.4%)
Divorced/separated/died	12(12.5%)	13(13.5%)
Residence			0.009 *
Rural	59 (61.5%)	41(42.7%)
Urban	37(38.5%)	55 (57.3%)
Employment			0.061 *
Unemployed	72(75.0%)	36(37.5%)
Employed	24(25.0%)	60(62.5%)
Ever smoked			0.86*
No	79 (82.3%)	82 (85.4%)
Yes	17 (17.7%)
Ever Alcohol Intake			.401*
No	70(72.9%)	75 (78.1%)
Yes	26(27.1%)	21 (21.9%)
physical activity			0.521 *
Yes	39(40.6%)	29(30.2%)
No	57(59.4%)	67(69.8%)
Family history of hypertension			0.082 *
Yes	36(37.5%)	13(13.5%)
No	69(71.9%)	83(86.5%)
Family history of diabetes			0.013 *
Yes	27(28.1%)	13(13.5%)
No	68(70.8%)	83(86.5%)

SD = standard deviation, Independent sample t test,

*Pearson’s chi square test.