Table 1.
Sample characteristics stratified by depressed status (N = 6828)
| Characters | Total n = 6828 |
Depressed n = 1185(17.4) |
Non-depressed n = 5643(82.6) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethnic group, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Han | 2472(36.2) | 338(28.52) | 2134(37.82) | |
| Others | 4356(63.8) | 847(71.48) | 3509(62.18) | |
| Gender, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Male, n(%) | 2562(37.52) | 367(30.97) | 2195(38.9) | |
| Female, n(%) | 4266(62.48) | 818(69.03) | 3448(61.1) | |
| Age, mean ± SD | 62.43 ± 8.28 | 62.78 ± 8.50 | 62.36 ± 8.23 | 0.1245 |
| Age group, n(%) | 0.2511 | |||
| 50–59 | 2697(39.5) | 454(38.31) | 2243(39.75) | |
| 60–69 | 2723(39.88) | 463(39.07) | 2260(40.05) | |
| 70–79 | 1215(17.79) | 235(19.83) | 980(17.37) | |
| 80 + | 193(2.83) | 33(2.78) | 160(2.84) | |
| Occupation | < 0.001 | |||
| Farmers | 4456(65.26) | 910(76.79) | 3546(62.84) | |
| Others | 2372(34.74) | 275(23.21) | 2097(37.16) | |
| Educational level, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| No formal education | 1897(27.78) | 434(36.62) | 1463(25.93) | |
| Elementary school | 2318(33.95) | 425(35.86) | 1893(33.55) | |
| Middle school | 1468(21.5) | 200(16.88) | 1268(22.47) | |
| High school and above | 1145(16.75) | 126(10.63) | 1019(18.04) | |
| Dwelling status, n(%) | 0.006 | |||
| Solitude | 339(4.96) | 78(6.58) | 261(4.63) | |
| Non-solitude | 6489(95.04) | 1107(93.42) | 5382(95.37) | |
| Subjective Sleep Quality, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| 0 score | 1243(18.2) | 163(13.76) | 1080(19.14) | |
| 1 score | 3597(52.68) | 584(49.28) | 3013(53.39) | |
| 2 score | 1688(24.72) | 351(29.62) | 1337(23.69) | |
| 3 score | 300(4.39) | 87(7.34) | 213(3.77) | |
| Sleep Latency, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| 0 score | 1451(21.25) | 172(14.51) | 1279(22.67) | |
| 1 score | 2654(38.87) | 425(35.86) | 2229(39.5) | |
| 2 score | 1940(28.41) | 431(36.37) | 1509(26.74) | |
| 3 score | 783(11.47) | 157(13.25) | 626(11.09) | |
| Sleep Duration, n(%) | 0.0563 | |||
| 0 score | 3336(48.86) | 550(46.41) | 2786(49.37) | |
| 1 score | 1546(22.64) | 263(22.19) | 1283(22.74) | |
| 2 score | 1228(17.98) | 225(18.99) | 1003(17.77) | |
| 3 score | 718(10.52) | 147(12.41) | 571(10.12) | |
| Habitual Sleep Efficiency, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| 0 score | 4800(70.3) | 763(64.39) | 4037(71.54) | |
| 1 score | 1041(15.25) | 214(18.06) | 827(14.66) | |
| 2 score | 425(6.22) | 81(6.84) | 344(6.1) | |
| 3 score | 562(8.23) | 127(10.72) | 435(7.71) | |
| Sleep Disturbance, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| 0 score | 258(3.78) | 25(2.11) | 233(4.13) | |
| 1 score | 4422(64.76) | 676(57.05) | 3746(66.38) | |
| 2 score | 2053(30.07) | 446(37.64) | 1607(28.48) | |
| 3 score | 95(1.39) | 38(3.21) | 57(1.01) | |
| Used Sleep Medication, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| 0 score | 6630(97.1) | 1131(95.44) | 5499(97.45) | |
| 1 score | 80(1.17) | 14(1.18) | 66(1.17) | |
| 2 score | 50(0.73) | 15(1.27) | 35(0.62) | |
| 3 score | 68(1) | 25(2.11) | 43(0.76) | |
| Daytime Dysfunction, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| 0 score | 2815(41.23) | 307(25.91) | 2508(44.44) | |
| 1 score | 2125(31.12) | 424(35.78) | 1701(30.14) | |
| 2 score | 1392(20.39) | 298(25.15) | 1094(19.39) | |
| 3 score | 496(7.26) | 156(13.16) | 340(6.03) | |
|
PSQIa, mean(SD) median, (Q1-Q3) |
6.16(3.29) 6(4–8) |
7.18(3.52) 7(4–9) |
5.95(3.20) 5(4–8) |
< 0.001 |
| Dancing status, n(%) | 0.0295 | |||
| Yes | 1346(19.71) | 206(17.38) | 1140(20.2) | |
| No | 5482(80.29) | 979(82.62) | 4503(79.8) | |
| Smoking history, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 1315(19.26) | 179(15.11) | 1136(20.13) | |
| No | 5513(80.74) | 1006(84.89) | 4507(79.87) | |
| Drinking alcohol history, n(%) | 0.2663 | |||
| Yes | 1315(19.26) | 214(18.06) | 1101(19.51) | |
| No | 5513(80.74) | 971(81.94) | 4542(80.49) | |
| Drinking tea history, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 3042(44.55) | 471(39.75) | 2571(45.56) | |
| No | 3786(55.45) | 714(60.25) | 3072(54.44) | |
| Anxiety status, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 1490(21.82) | 530(44.73) | 960(17.01) | |
| No | 5338(78.18) | 655(55.27) | 4683(82.99) | |
|
Cognitive scorea, mean(SD) median (Q1-Q3) |
1.13 ± 1.50 1(0–2) |
1.64 ± 1.85 1(0–3) |
1.03 ± 1.39 1(0–1) |
< 0.001 |
| Cognitive status, n(%) | < 0.001 | |||
| No cognitive decline | 5776(84.59) | 871(73.5) | 4905(86.92) | |
| Mild cognitive decline | 755(11.06) | 207(17.47) | 548(9.71) | |
| Moderate to severe cognitive decline | 297(4.35) | 107(9.03) | 190(3.37) | |
| Hypertension, n(%) | 0.757 | |||
| Yes | 1736(25.42) | 306(25.82) | 1430(25.34) | |
| No | 5092(74.58) | 879(74.18) | 4213(74.66) | |
| Diabetes, n(%) | 0.8324 | |||
| Yes | 500(7.32) | 89(7.51) | 411(7.28) | |
| No | 6328(92.68) | 1096(92.49) | 5232(92.72) | |
| Coronary heart disease (CHD), n(%) | 0.0114 | |||
| Yes | 276(4.04) | 64(5.4) | 212(3.76) | |
| No | 6552(95.96) | 1121(94.6) | 5431(96.24) | |
| Osteoarthrosis, n(%) | 0.0387 | |||
| Yes | 756(11.07) | 152(12.83) | 604(10.7) | |
| No | 6072(88.93) | 1033(87.17) | 5039(89.3) | |
| Tumour, n(%) | 0.4499 | |||
| Yes | 49(0.72) | 11(0.93) | 38(0.67) | |
| No | 6779(99.28) | 1174(99.07) | 5605(99.33) | |
| Deafness, n(%) | 0.0081 | |||
| Yes | 49(0.72) | 16(1.35) | 33(0.58) | |
| No | 6779(99.28) | 1169(98.65) | 5610(99.42) | |
| Disease comorbidity, n(%) | 0.5049 | |||
| Yes | 1560(22.85) | 280(23.63) | 1280(22.68) | |
| No | 5268(77.15) | 905(76.37) | 4363(77.32) |
Note. Means ± standard deviation was shown. Others = other nationalities including Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Mongolia, Tujia nationalities. Data are shown using % or mean (standard deviation). P values were calculated with chi-squared tests and Student’s t tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.a These variables are presented as median (interquartile range)