. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: Addict Biol. 2021 Dec 7;27(2):e13118. doi: 10.1111/adb.13118

Table 1.

Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression and Negative Binomial (NB) Models Predicting Alcohol Use Measures from ACR-P3, Reward P3, and Reward Dysregulation P3 quantified by averaging stimulus-locked EEG activity at P3, Pz, P4, P7, P8, O1, and O2.

Model	Alcohol Use					Binge Drinking					Max Drinks					Alcohol Problems
Model	Adj. R²	AIC	b	SE b	p	Adj. R²	AIC	b	SE b	p	Adj. R²	AIC	b	SE b	p	Adj. pseudo-R²	AIC	b	SE b	p
Model 1: ACR-P3	.10	1220.4				.07	624.65				.06	921.91				0.15	655.58
Age			−0.35	0.55	.522			−0.05	0.06	.385			−0.22	0.19	.248			0.03	0.02	.152
Gender			11.30	3.38	.001			0.53	0.39	.174			3.33	1.15	.005			−0.07	0.14	.603
Race			10.77	5.33	.046			1.16	0.60	.055			2.61	1.82	.155			0.54	0.28	.023
Alcohol Use/Heavy Drinking																		0.06	0.01	<.001
ACR-P3			0.41	0.39	.298			0.11	0.05	.015			0.10	0.13	.456			0.04	0.02	<.001
Model 2: Reward-P3	.10	1219.6				.03	630.41				.08	919.47				0.14	661.45
Age			−0.51	0.55	.356			−0.08	0.06	.235			−0.27	0.19	.147			0.04	0.02	.133
Gender			9.06	3.53	.011			0.28	0.41	.501			2.49	1.20	.040			−0.10	0.15	.516
Race			12.45	5.27	.020			1.45	0.60	.018			3.15	1.79	.081			0.73	0.28	.010
Alcohol Use/Heavy Drinking																		0.06	0.01	<.001
Reward-P3			−0.59	0.43	.168			−0.03	0.05	.524			−0.25	0.15	.088			0.01	0.02	.623
Model 3: ACR-P3 + Reward-P3	.13	1216.3				.11	620.08				.10	916.83				.16	654.86
Age			−0.45	0.54	.409			−0.07	0.06	.287			−0.25	0.18	.173			0.03	0.02	.196
Gender			8.75	3.48	.013			0.23	0.40	.568			2.39	1.18	.045			−0.12	0.14	.399
Race			10.93	5.24	.039			1.16	0.59	.049			2.67	1.78	.137			0.61	0.28	.030
Alcohol Use/Heavy Drinking																		0.06	0.01	<.001
ACR-P3			1.06	0.47	.025			0.19	0.05	<.001			0.34	0.16	.036			0.06	0.02	<.002
Reward-P3			−1.25	0.51	.016			−0.15	0.06	.012			−0.46	0.17	.009			−0.04	0.02	.102
Model 4: Reward Dysregulation P3	.13	1214.5				.11	618.69				.11	915.45				.15	655.53
Age			−0.42	0.53	.435			−0.07	0.06	.240			−0.23	0.18	.201			0.03	0.02	.201
Gender			1.18	3.31	<.006			0.14	0.38	.717			2.66	1.13	.020			−0.17	0.14	.238
Race			10.61	5.17	.042			1.23	0.58	.035			2.47	1.76	.164			0.65	0.28	.020
Alcohol Use/Heavy Drinking																		0.06	0.01	<.001
Reward Dysregulation P3			1.13	0.43	.009			0.17	0.05	<.001			0.39	0.15	<.009			0.05	0.02	.010
Model 5: ACR-P3-Nonalcohol P3	.09	1221.0				.04	629.41				.07	921.18				0.15	658.18
Age			−0.40	0.55	.470			−0.07	0.06	.286			−0.22	0.19	0.234			0.04	0.02	.228
Gender			10.59	3.34	.002			0.34	0.39	.378			3.12	1.14	.007			−0.17	0.14	.252
Race			11.08	5.34	.040			1.30	0.61	.034			2.51	1.82	.169			0.69	0.28	.016
Alcohol Use/Heavy Drinking																		0.06	0.01	<.001
ACR-P3-Nonalcohol P3			0.35	0.49	.471			0.07	0.06	.242			0.19	0.17	.263			0.04	0.02	.059

Note: Analyses were based on N = 143, except models using alcohol problems as the outcome, which were based on N = 103. ACR-P3 = P3 amplitude elicited by alcohol cues; Reward-P3 = P3 amplitude elicited by natural reward cues; Reward dysregulation P3 = ACR-P3 minus Reward-P3; Alcohol Use = product of typical drinking frequency (number of drinking days/week) and drinking quantity (number of drinks/drinking day) in the past year; Binge Drinking = number of days in the past year in which four or more (women) or five or more (men) drinks were consumed within a 2-hr period; Max Drinks = largest number of drinks consumed within a 24-hr period in the past year; Alcohol Use/Heavy Drinking = composite created by averaging responses to Alcohol Use, Binge Drinking, and Max Drinks measures. Adj. R² = adjusted proportion of variance explained (McFadden’s adjusted pseudo-R² for NB models). AIC = Akaike’s Information Criterion; b = unstandardized regression coefficient; SE b = standard error for b. All regression coefficients (and associated SE, test statistics, and p-values) significant at the level of p < .05 are shown in bold.