TABLE 1.
Anthropometrics, psychological, and socio-economic variables of the entire cohort1
| Characteristics | Eutrophic,2n = 59 | Obese,3n = 56 | Missing values, n | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 14.2 (± 1.91) | 13.6 (± 1.91) | 0 | 0.09 |
| Sex, male/female | 26/33 | 29/27 | 0 | 0.41 |
| Blood pressure, mm Hg | ||||
| Systolic | 107 (± 8.44) | 122 (± 14.3) | 11 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic | 74.2 (± 10.4) | 76.3 (± 14.0) | 12 | 0.17 |
| Age at menarche, y | 11.7 (± 1.27) | 11.5 (± 1.12) | 7 | 0.52 |
| Mammary development | 7 | 0.17 | — | |
| Stage 2 | 3 (10%) | 1 (4%) | — | |
| Stage 3 | 11 (38%) | 8 (33%) | — | |
| Stage 4 | 13 (45%) | 8 (33%) | — | |
| Stage 5 | 2 (7%) | 7 (29%) | — | |
| Gonad development | 13 | 0.07 | — | |
| Stage 1 | 0 (0%) | 1 (5%) | — | |
| Stage 2 | 3 (13%) | 5 (26%) | — | |
| Stage 3 | 10 (44%) | 3 (16%) | — | |
| Stage 4 | 5 (22%) | 9 (47%) | — | |
| Stage 5 | 5 (22%) | 1 (5%) | — | |
| Pubic hair development | 20 | 0.35 | — | |
| Stage 1 | 3 (6%) | 0 (0%) | — | |
| Stage 2 | 8 (15%) | 7 (16%) | — | |
| Stage 3 | 20 (39%) | 13 (30%) | — | |
| Stage 4 | 16 (31%) | 15 (35%) | — | |
| Stage 5 | 5 (10%) | 8 (19%) | — | |
| Psychological assessments | ||||
| CDI score | 10.3 (± 5.44) | 10.1 (± 5.32) | 0 | 0.85 |
| YFAS score | 1.67 (± 1.89) | 2.29 (± 1.75) | 0 | 0.02 |
| BES score | 6.81 (± 6.17) | 10.3 (± 6.49) | 0 | 0.001 |
| Socio-economic classification | 0 | 0.87 | — | |
| Upper class | 1 (2%) | 2 (4%) | — | |
| Middle class | 31 (53%) | 28 (50%) | — | |
| Lower class | 27 (46%) | 26 (46%) | — | |
1
Data are presented as means (± SDs). Significance between the groups was tested using a chi-squared test for categorical variables and an unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables. BES, Binge Eating Scale; CDI, Children Depression Inventory; YFAS, Yale Food Addiction Scale.
2
Eutrophic participants presented BMI z-scores ≤ 1.
3
Obese patients presented BMI z-scores ≥ 2.