Fig. 4.

a Constipated group (defecation: less than once in 3 days). 65 years old, female, body height 151 cm, body weight 48 kg, BMI 21.0. The colon is long and redundant (entire colon 190.9 cm, proximal colon 114.6 cm, distal colon 76.3 cm, in the supine position). b Intermediate group (defecation: once every 2 or 3 days). 53 years old, female, body height 154 cm, body weight 55 kg, BMI 23.2. The colon looks slightly long (entire colon 152.2 cm, proximal colon 82.9 cm, distal colon 69.3 cm, in the supine position). c Daily group (defecation: every day). 61 years old, male, body height 177 cm, body weight 57 kg, BMI 18.1. The colon looks short (entire colon 115.4 cm, proximal colon 67.7 cm, distal colon 47.7 cm, in the supine position)