Table 1.

Study patients’ characteristics

Gender
Male, n (%)	154 (52%)
Female, n (%)	141 (48%)
Age, years
Mean ± SD	58.0 ± 11.0
40–59, n (%)	163 (55%)
60–79, n (%)	121 (41%)
80 or older, n (%)	11 (3%)
Weight, kg
Mean ± SD	60.2 ± 11.1
Height, cm
Mean ± SD	161.4 ± 8.7
Body mass index, kg/m2
Mean ± SD	23 ± 3.3
History of laparotomy
Major, n (%)	15 (5.1%)
Minor, n (%)	72 (24%)
None, n (%)	208 (71%)
Bowel habits
Daily, n (%)	189 (64%)
Intermediate, n (%)	68 (23%)
Constipated, n (%)	38 (13%)

Bowel habits were divided into three groups by defecation frequency: daily group, every day; intermediate group, once every 2 or 3 days; and constipated group, less than once in 3 days. History of laparotomy: those who underwent gastro-intestinal or uterus resections were classified as major and others were classified as minor

SD standard deviation