. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Sep 3;20(6):e1305–e1322. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.08.049

Table 3.

Association of specific antibiotic classes with IBS and the composite outcome among 24,617 individuals exposed to antibiotics around colonoscopy and 24,617 propensity-matched individuals not exposed to antibiotics around colonoscopy

	Primary outcome: IBS		Composite outcome: IBS, IBS medications, or IBS symptoms
	HR	99.5% CI	HR	99.5% CI
Aminopenicillins (n = 6998)	0.93	0.59 – 1.48	0.98	0.80 – 1.20
First-generation cephalosporins (n = 2082)	1.37	0.69 – 2.71	1.09	0.77 – 1.52
Macrolides (n = 5368)	1.22	0.76 – 1.94	1.19	0.96 – 1.47
Quinolones (n = 3856)	1.16	0.66 – 2.02	1.36	1.08 – 1.72
Sulfonamides (n = 1895)	1.16	0.54 – 2.51	0.95	0.66 – 1.39