Table 2.
Therapeutic peptides used in clinical trials mentioned in this review.
| Peptides | Clinical trial | Administration | Nb of patients | Results | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elamipretide | EMBRACE | 0.05 mg/kg/h, between 60–15 min before PCI and for 1 h following reperfusion | 297 |
no IS reduction (CK-MB
quantification) |
(97) |
| Cyclosporine A | / | 2.5 mg/kg, catheter in the antecubital vein, <10 min before direct stenting | 57 | IS reduction | (98) |
| CIRCUS | 2.5 mg/kg, i.v., 12 h within symptom onset | 970 | not better than placebo | (99) | |
| CYCLE | 2.5 mg/kg, i.v., 6 h within symptom onset | 410 |
no effect on ST-segment resolution or
hs-cTnT, no improved clinical outcomes or LV remodeling up to 6 months |
(100) | |
| CYRUS | 2.5 mg/kg, i.v., asap after the onset of ACLS | 6,758 |
do not prevent early multiple organ
failure |
(101) | |
| Carperitine | / | 0.085 μg/kg/min i.v. for 65 h | 3,777 | better outcome | (102) |
| J-WIND | 0.025 μg/kg/min i.v. for 3 days | 1,216 | Reduced IS, increased LV EF, decreased reperfusion injury, severe hypotension |
(103) | |
| AVCMA | 0.0125–0.025 mg/kg i.v. | 111 | higher plasma BNP level, reduced blood pressure, hypotension |
(104) | |
| Nesiritide | / | 0.01–0.03 μg/kg | 862 | Increased risk of death after treatment | (105) |
| / | ≤ 0.03 g/kg/min i.v. | 1,269 | Increased renal disfunction | (106) | |
| Exenatide | / | 25 μg/250 mL i.v. 15 min before intervention and maintained 6 h | 172 | Reduced IS, larger salvage index | (107) |
| / | 20 μg during PCI and 10 μg twice daily during 48 h | 58 | Reduced IS, improved LV function | (108) | |
| / | 10 μg/h 30 min and 0.84 μg/h 72 h | 191 | No benefit | (109) | |
| COMBAT-MI | 18 μg/180 mL i.v. 15 min before intervention and maintained 6 h combined with RIC procedure | 222 | No benefit | (110) |
i.v, intra venous injection; IS, infarct size; LV, left ventricle; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; negative outcomes of clinical trials were highlighted in bold.