Table 1.
Demographic and smoking characteristics of current male adult smokers (N = 376).
| Characteristic | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age group | |
| 18–24 | 76 (20.2) |
| 25–44 | 192 (51.1) |
| 45–64 | 91 (24.2) |
| 65 and above | 17 (4.5) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Malay | 305 (81.1) |
| Chinese | 15 (4.0) |
| Indian | 6 (1.6) |
| Iban | 8 (2.1) |
| Kadazan | 5 (1.3) |
| Other Bumiputera | 36 (9.6) |
| Others | 1 (.3) |
| Residence | |
| Urban | 176 (46.8) |
| Rural | 200 (53.2) |
| Religion | |
| Islam | 333 (88.6) |
| Buddhism | 14 (3.7) |
| Christianity | 19 (5.1) |
| Hinduism | 6 (1.6) |
| Others | 4 (1.1) |
| Marital status | |
| Married/Living with partner | 240 (63.8) |
| Single/Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 136 (36.2) |
| Education | |
| No formal education | 20 (5.3) |
| Completed primary | 97 (25.8) |
| Completed secondary | 186 (49.5) |
| Completed college/university | 73 (19.4) |
| Employment | |
| Government | 42 (11.2) |
| Non-government | 128 (34.0) |
| Self-employed | 144 (38.3) |
| Student | 23 (6.1) |
| Retiree | 14 (3.7) |
| Not working | 25 (6.6) |
| Initiation age (Years) (means, SD) | 17.65±4.32 |
| Number of cigarettes smoked per day (means, SD) | 12.59±10.71 |
| Days of past abstinence of recent quit attempt (means, SD) | 14.24±34.72 |
| FTND status (means, SD) (n = 364) | 2.41±.99 |
| None | 73 (19.4) |
| Low | 125 (33.2) |
| Low to moderate | 112 (29.8) |
| Moderate | 50 (13.3) |
| High | 4 (1.1) |
| Ever used EC | |
| Yes | 136 (36.2) |
| No | 240 (63.8) |
| Current conventional cigarette and EC user (dual user) | |
| Yes | 45 (12.0) |
| No | 331 (88.0) |
| Sources of e-liquid for EC users (n = 45) | |
| Online | 5 (11.1) |
| Vape shops | 27 (62.8) |
| Night market | 1 (2.3) |
| Others | 12 (27.9) |