Table 3.

Effect of the dietary synbiotic inclusion on plasma cytokines and immunoglobulin Y of 28-day-old and 42-day-old broilers under thermoneutral and heat stress conditions.

	IL-21 (pg/mL)	IL-61 (pg/mL)	IL-101 (pg/mL)	IgY1 (mg/dL)
28-d
TN-CON	145.18	34.35	81.22	10.20Y
TN-BMD	162.37	36.02	83.37	24.92X
TN-SYN	142.40	34.38	77.15	20.83X
HS-CON	153.49	39.26	80.60	9.30
HS-BMD	160.86	37.02	79.74	11.77
HS-SYN	183.21	36.74	84.11	10.18
Feed additives
CON	149.34	36.81	80.91	9.75B
BMD	161.61	36.52	81.56	18.34A
SYN	162.80	35.56	80.63	15.51A
Temperature
HS	132.31	37.68a	81.48	10.42b
TN	126.29	34.92b	80.58	18.65a
SEM	18.5	1.81	9.62	4.31
P-value
Diet	0.74	0.81	0.99	0.10
Temperature	0.29	0.05	0.89	0.04
Diet × temperature	0.48	0.48	0.79	0.40
42-d
TN-CON	130.02	45.03	85.20	78.26
TN-BMD	117.38	43.08	78.21	88.27
TN-SYN	131.46	41.38	85.81	73.05
HS-CON	130.20	41.56	84.36	58.82
HS-BMD	126.74	50.53	84.75	62.70
HS-SYN	139.98	44.07	70.67	53.46
Feed additives
CON	135.00	43.29	84.78	68.54
BMD	129.10	46.81	81.48	75.48
SYN	123.79	42.73	78.24	63.26
Temperature
HS	132.31	45.39	79.93	58.33b
TN	126.29	43.16	83.07	79.86a
SEM	18.57	3.65	11.01	9.06
P-value
Diet	0.83	0.39	0.80	0.40
Temperature	0.70	0.51	0.75	0.01
Diet × temperature	0.89	0.42	0.67	0.93

^a,bLeast squares means within a column for the 2 temperature conditions lacking a common superscript differ (P ≤ 0.05. n = 8 per treatment), and

^ABleast square means represents a trend among treatments (0.05 < P ≤ 0.1).

^{X, Y}least square means represents a trend among treatments within 1 environmental condition (0.05 < P ≤ 0.1).

¹Abbreviations: IL-2, Interleukin 2; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IgY, immunoglobulin Y.