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. 2022 Feb 17;12:722662. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.722662

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Copyright © 2022 Zhou, Wu, Li, Zou, Dou, Li, Yan, Chen and Li

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Patients with insomnia showed differential serum metabolic profiles compared with healthy controls. (A) A heatmap of metabolites with significantly altered concentrations between insomnia and healthy control groups. Red and blue represent increased and decreased metabolites, respectively, in patients with insomnia compared with those in healthy controls. (B) A dot plot of metabolites in the serum samples of the participants. Blue and red dots represent significantly decreased and increased metabolites in the serum samples of insomnia patients compared with those of healthy controls. Gray dots represent nonsignificantly changed metabolites.