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. 2022 Feb 17;12:722662. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.722662

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Copyright © 2022 Zhou, Wu, Li, Zou, Dou, Li, Yan, Chen and Li

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Distinguishment between patients with insomnia and healthy controls using metabolic profiles. (A, B) Principal component analysis and orthogona projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed to separate patients with insomnia and healthy controls using the metabolic profiles. Red: healthy controls. Blue: patients with insomnia. (C) The permutation test of OPLS-DA. (D) The metabolic pathway topology analysis. The horizontal axis indicates the −ln(p) values. The vertical axis indicates the impact values. PCA, principal component analysis; P1, 1st predictive principal component; O1, 1st orthogonal principal component.