Table 2.
GHG emissions intensities for LUC, total ethanol, and reference gasoline
| kg CO2e/mmBtu | g CO2e/MJ | % change from gasoline | |
| LUC emissions | |||
| This study, domestic | 40.9 | 38.7 | — |
| EPA RIA*, domestic | −4.0 | −3.8 | — |
| EPA RIA*, international | 31.8 | 30.1 | — |
| CARB LCFS†, combined | 20.9 | 19.8 | — |
| GREET‡, domestic | 2.1 | 2.0 | — |
| GREET‡, international | 5.7 | 5.4 | — |
| Total ethanol | |||
| RIA* | 77.2 | 73.2 | −21.4% |
| RIA* + this study | 122.1 | 115.7 | 24.3% |
| LCFS† | 74.9 | 71.0 | −23.7% |
| LCFS† + this study | 110.4 | 104.7 | 12.5% |
| GREET‡ | 56.6 | 53.6 | −42.4% |
| GREET‡ + this study | 95.3 | 90.3 | −3.0% |
| Other | |||
| RIA gasoline* | 98.2 | 93.1 | 0.0% |