Table 3.
Clinical Characteristics of Salmonella Typhi Stool Shedders and Nonshedders (N = 70)
| Clinical Characteristic | S Typhi Shedder | Nonshedder | P Value | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 15) (%) | (n = 55) (%) | |||
| Fever | ||||
| Median (IQR) duration of fever, days | 8 (7–11) | 8 (7–10) | .883 | - |
| Mean (SD) temperature in the fever episode, °F | 103.1 (1.1) | 102.8 (1.3) | .384 | - |
| Vomiting present | 7 (46.7) | 24 (43.6) | .834 | 1.1 (0.3–4.1) |
| Diarrhea present | 5 (33.3) | 11 (20) | .276 | 2 (0.4–8.1) |
| Abdominal pain present | 9 (60) | 24 (43.6) | .260 | 1.9 (0.5–7.5) |
| Jaundice present | 1 (6.7) | 1 (1.8) | .318 | 3.9 (0.1–308.2) |
| Antibiotic Usage During the Typhoid Fever Episode | ||||
| Time of initiation of antibiotic from the onset of fever, days, median (IQR) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (3–4) | .131 | - |
| Total duration of antibiotic usage, days, median (IQR) | 13 (12–17) | 11 (10–13) | .05 | - |
| Duration of azithromycina usage, days, median (IQR) | 9 (2–10) | 10 (10–11) | .003 | |
| Hospitalization Details | ||||
| Children hospitalized for the typhoid fever episode | 9 (60) | 9 (16.4) | <.001 | 7.7 (1.8–32.6) |
| Duration of hospitalization, days, median (IQR) (n = 9) | 6 (5–8) | 7 (5–7) | .894 | - |
| Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing for Ciprofloxacinb | ||||
| Complete sensitivity | 0 (0) | 1 (1.8) | .870 | - |
| Intermediate sensitivity | 13 (86.7) | 47 (85.5) | ||
| Complete resistance | 2 (13.3) | 7 (12.7) |
P < .05 is statistically significant and is presented in bold text.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation.
aAzithromycin was given to all children with blood culture-positive typhoid fever as per the study protocol.
bAll of the 70 S Typhi strains isolated by blood culture were completely sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone.