Table 1.
Characteristics of cigarette smokers exposed and unexposed to SHS at home and workplace, USA, 1999–2012
| Characteristic | Overall (n=4547) M (SE) or per cent | No home or work exposure (n=2174) M (SE) or per cent | SHS exposure at home and/or work (n=2373) M (SE) or per cent | No home exposure (n=2602 M (SE) or per cent | SHS exposure at home (n=1945) M (SE) or per cent | No work exposure (n=3764) M (SE) or per cent | SHS exposure at work (n=783) M (SE) or per cent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||||
| Mean age | 40.5 (0.25) | 40.6 (0.36) | 40.4 (0.37) | 39.8 (0.34) | 41.4* (0.44) | 41.3 (0.29) | 37.5† (0.48) |
| Male | 56.9 | 54.8 | 58.7‡ | 59.0 | 54.3* | 52.9 | 72.8† |
| Education | |||||||
| Less than high school | 25.7 | 20.3 | 30.3‡ | 21.2 | 31.5* | 25.5 | 26.6 |
| High school graduate or equivalent | 31.9 | 27.6 | 35.6‡ | 28.0 | 37.1* | 31.7 | 33.1 |
| Some college | 42.4 | 52.1 | 34.1‡ | 50.8 | 31.5* | 42.9 | 40.3 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 72.9 | 68.9 | 76.3‡ | 68.9 | 78.1* | 72.2 | 75.7 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 9.5 | 8.1 | 10.7‡ | 7.8 | 11.6* | 10.0 | 7.6 |
| Mexican American | 7.1 | 10.3 | 4.4‡ | 10.5 | 2.7* | 7.0 | 7.5 |
| Other Hispanic | 5.4 | 6.7 | 4.3‡ | 7.0 | 3.3* | 5.5 | 5.0 |
| Other/multiracial | 5.1 | 6.1 | 4.3‡ | 5.8 | 4.2* | 5.3 | 4.2 |
| Mean household size§ | 3.4 (0.04) | 3.3 (0.05) | 3.4 (0.05) | 3.4 (0.05) | 3.4 (0.06) | 3.4 (0.04) | 3.5 (0.07) |
| Mean survey year¶ | 4.0 | 4.3 (0.06) | 3.7‡ (0.10) | 4.2 (0.07) | 3.7* (0.12) | 4.1 (0.07) | 3.6† (0.13) |
| Smoking behaviours | |||||||
| Mean cigarettes per day in previous 5 days | 12.8 (0.29) | 9.0 (0.25) | 16.0‡(0.36) | 9.4 (0.25) | 17.2* (0.38) | 12.4 (0.29) | 14.3† (0.55) |
| Mean days smoked cigarettes in previous 5 days | 4.4 (0.03) | 4.1 (0.04) | 4.6‡ (0.02) | 4.1 (0.04) | 4.7* (0.02) | 4.4 (0.03) | 4.5 (0.04) |
| Most recent cigarette smoked on the day of examination | 71.1 | 61.9 | 78.9‡ | 62.8 | 81.8* | 71.1 | 71.0 |
| SHS exposure | |||||||
| SHS exposure at work | 20.0 | – | – | 18.6 | 22.0* | – | – |
| SHS exposure at home | 43.8 | – | – | – | – | 42.8 | 47.8† |
All percentages are weighted.
*
p<0.05 in pairwise comparison with no home exposure.
†
p<0.05 in pairwise comparison with no work exposure.
‡
p<0.05 in pairwise comparison with no home or work exposure.
§
Household size only calculated on n=3958 since this variable was not collected in the 2011–2012 NHANES cycle.
¶
Range 1–7 with 1=1999–2000 survey cycle and 7=2011–2012 survey cycle.
M, mean; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SHS, secondhand smoke.