Table 1.
Characteristics of Women of Reproductive Age by Major Depressive Episode and Anxiety Disorder Status, National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, 2008–2014 (N = 106,142)
| Mental health status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDE and anxiety disorder (n = 3,495) | MDE only (n = 8,158) | Anxiety disorder only (n = 6,107) | No MDE or anxiety disorder (n = 88,382) | ||
| Characteristic | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | p-Valuea |
| Totalb | 3.3 (3.1–3.4) | 7.1 (6.9–7.3) | 5.8 (5.5–6.0) | 83.9 (83.6–84.2) | |
| Pregnant | 1.8 (1.3–2.4) | 2.4 (2.0–2.9) | 2.9 (2.5–3.5) | 4.4 (4.1–4.6) | <0.0001 |
| Age in years | <0.0001 | ||||
| 18–25 | 29.4 (27.7–31.1) | 35.9 (34.6–37.3) | 27.5 (26.4–28.8) | 29.9 (29.3–30.4) | |
| 26–34 | 32.0 (29.7–34.4) | 31.1 (29.5–32.7) | 36.4 (34.5–38.3) | 32.9 (32.4–33.5) | |
| 35–44 | 38.6 (36.1–41.2) | 33.0 (31.5–34.6) | 36.1 (34.0–38.2) | 37.2 (36.6–37.8) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.0001 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 78.7 (76.5–80.8) | 63.2 (61.4–65.0 | 80.1 (78.2–81.9) | 56.7 (56.1–57.3) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 7.9 (6.5–9.5) | 14.3 (13.1–15.6) | 5.7 (4.9–6.7) | 14.6 (14.2–15.1) | |
| Hispanic | 9.1 (7.6–10.8) | 15.8 (14.7–16.9) | 9.9 (8.6–11.3) | 19.5 (18.9–20.1) | |
| Non-Hispanic other | 4.4 (3.4–5.5) | 6.7 (5.9–7.7) | 4.3 (3.3–5.5) | 9.2 (8.8–9.5) | |
| Education | <0.0001 | ||||
| Less than high school | 12.4 (10.8–14.2) | 11.9 (10.9–12.9) | 11.1 (10.2–12.2) | 12.0 (11.7–12.4) | |
| High school graduate | 25.4 (23.3–27.6) | 27.5 (26.1–29.0) | 26.1 (24.6–27.6) | 26.2 (25.7–26.6) | |
| Some college | 37.1 (34.0–40.2) | 33.7 (32.2–35.4) | 33.1 (31.3–34.9) | 30.6 (30.2–31.1) | |
| College or more | 25.2 (22.9–27.6) | 26.9 (25.4–28.5) | 29.7 (28.1–31.5) | 31.8 (31.1–32.5) | |
| Marital status | <0.0001 | ||||
| Married | 30.9 (28.7–33.2) | 33.2 (31.1–35.3) | 41.6 (39.6–43.7) | 46.8 (46.2–47.4) | |
| Divorced, separated, or widowed | 22.3 (20.1–24.7) | 15.5 (14.2–16.8) | 14.8 (13.5–16.2) | 10.4 (10.1–10.8) | |
| Never married | 46.8 (43.8–49.8) | 51.3 (49.4–53.3) | 43.6 (41.4–45.8) | 42.8 (42.2–43.4) | |
| Employment | <0.0001 | ||||
| Full-time | 36.9 (34.3–39.6) | 45.4 (43.4–47.4) | 46.1 (44.1–48.1) | 50.7 (50.1–51.2) | |
| Part-time | 20.8 (18.7–23.1) | 22.5 (21.1–24.0) | 20.3 (18.8–21.9) | 20.7 (20.3–21.1) | |
| Other | 9.1 (7.6–10.9) | 9.3 (8.4–10.1) | 7.2 (6.2–8.4) | 6.6 (6.3–6.8) | |
| Unemployed | 33.2 (31.0–35.5) | 22.9 (21.2–24.7) | 26.4 (24.6–28.2 | 22.1 (21.6–22.6) | |
| Income | <0.0001 | ||||
| <$20,000 | 30.7 (28.8–32.8) | 26.0 (24.5–27.6) | 23.6 (21.8–25.6) | 21.3 (20.8–21.9) | |
| $20,000-$49,999 | 33.1 (30.7–35.7) | 34.5 (32.9–36.1) | 30.8 (28.9–32.7) | 32.0 (31.4–32.6) | |
| $50,000-$74,999 | 15.4 (13.6–17.4) | 15.7 (14.3–17.2) | 16.1 (14.7–17.7) | 17.1 (16.7–17.5) | |
| ≥$75,000 | 20.7 (18.4–23.2) | 23.8 (22.0–25.8) | 29.5 (27.6–31.5) | 29.6 (28.9–30.4) | |
| Insurance | <0.0001 | ||||
| Any private | 51.2 (48.5–53.8) | 56.0 (54.2–57.7) | 61.9 (60.0–63.9) | 62.3 (61.6–63.0) | |
| Public only | 27.8 (25.6–30.2) | 19.3 (18.1–20.6 | 21.3 (19.8–22.7) | 15.6 (15.2–16.0) | |
| Otherc | 2.8 (2.2–3.5) | 2.8 (2.3–3.3) | 2.4 (1.9–3.0) | 2.5 (2.4–2.7) | |
| Uninsured | 18.2 (16.4–20.2) | 21.9 (20.5–23.4) | 14.5 (13.3–15.7) | 19.6 (19.1–20.1) | |
| Tobaccoc | <0.0001 | ||||
| Past-month use | 49.6 (47.1–52.1) | 38.1 (36.0–40.1) | 44.5 (42.2–46.7) | 25.0 (24.6–25.5) | |
| Past 2–12-month use | 7.6 (6.4–9.0) | 8.6 (7.8–9.5) | 8.1 (7.0–9.2) | 5.9 (5.7–6.1) | |
| No use | 42.8 (40.5–45.2) | 53.3 (51.4–55.3) | 47.5 (45.3–49.6) | 69.1 (68.6–69.5) | |
| Alcohol, past month | <0.0001 | ||||
| Heavy use | 9.1 (7.3–11.3) | 7.4 (6.5–8.3) | 8.7 (7.7–9.9) | 4.9 (4.6–5.1) | |
| Binge but not heavy | 21.3 (19.6–23.2) | 24.2 (22.9–25.7) | 23.6 (22.1–25.1) | 19.1 (18.8–19.5) | |
| Use but not binge or heavy | 31.4 (28.8–34.0) | 31.3 (29.5–33.1) | 32.0 (30.2–33.9) | 32.0 (31.5–32.6) | |
| No use | 38.2 (35.4–41.0) | 37.1 (35.5–38.8) | 35.7 (33.8–37.6) | 43.9 (43.4–44.5) | |
| Illicit drugd | <0.0001 | ||||
| Past-month use | 18.6 (16.5–20.9) | 13.6 (12.5–14.8 | 14.4 (13.2–15.7) | 7.4 (7.2–7.7) | |
| Past 2–12-month use | 13.1 (11.6–14.8) | 11.7 (10.7–12.7) | 10.3 (9.3–11.4) | 6.2 (6.0–6.3) | |
| No use | 68.3 (65.6–70.9) | 74.7 (73.1–76.3) | 75.3 (73.6–77.0) | 86.4 (86.1–86.7) | |
| Nonmedical prescription druge | <0.0001 | ||||
| Past-month use | 10.9 (9.6–12.5) | 6.8 (6.1–7.6) | 7.7 (6.7–8.7) | 2.6 (2.5–2.8) | |
| Past 2–12-month use | 11.4 (9.9–13.0) | 9.5 (8.5–10.5) | 9.3 (8.2–10.6) | 4.1 (4.0–4.3) | |
| No use | 77.7 (75.7–79.6) | 83.7 (82.4–85.0) | 83.0 (81.4–84.5) | 93.3 (93.1–93.5) | |
a
Column differences based on Pearson’s chi-squared tests.
b
Row percentages provided.
c
Tobacco includes cigarettes, chewing tobacco, snuff, cigars, and/or pipe tobacco.
d
Illicit drug includes cocaine, hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants, and marijuana.
e
Nonmedical prescription drug includes pain relievers, tranquilizers, sedatives, and stimulants.
MDE, major depressive episode.