Table 3.
Trajectories of Cognitive Performance Before and After Sleep Treatment, Health and Retirement Study, 2006–2014
| Cognitive Score | Before Sleep Treatment B (95% CI), p Value |
After Sleep Treatment B (95% CI), p Value |
Interaction p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall treatment | |||
| Total cognition | −0.26 (−0.32, −0.20), p < .001 | −0.20 (−0.25, −0.15), p < .001 | p = .031 |
| Immediate word recall | −0.10 (−0.13, −0.07), p < .001 | −0.08 (−0.10, −0.06), p < .001 | p = .197 |
| Delayed word recall | −0.10 (−0.13, −0.07), p < .001 | −0.08 (−0.11, −0.06), p < .001 | p = .265 |
| Serial 7’s | −0.05 (−0.07, −0.02), p < .001 | −0.03 (−0.05, −0.01), p = .002 | p = .036 |
| Backwards counting | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.00), p = .016 | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.00), p = .265 | p = .198 |
| Self-initiated treatment | |||
| Total cognition | −0.28 (−0.32, −0.25), p < .001 | −0.17 (−0.24, −0.10), p < .001 | p = .003 |
| Immediate word recall | −0.11 (−0.12, −0.09), p < .001 | −0.07 (−0.10, −0.04), p < .001 | p = .034 |
| Delayed word recall | −0.11 (−0.12, −0.09), p < .001 | −0.08 (−0.12, −0.05), p < .001 | p = .328 |
| Serial 7’s | −0.06 (−0.07, −0.04), p < .001 | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.01), p = .351 | p = .003 |
| Backwards counting | −0.01 (−0.01, −0.01), p < .001 | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01), p = .472 | p = .012 |
| Doctor-recommended treatment | |||
| Total cognition | −0.25 (−0.28, −0.21), p < .001 | −0.20 (−0.26, −0.14), p < .001 | p = .028 |
| Immediate word recall | −0.10 (−0.11, −0.08), p < .001 | −0.08 (−0.11, −0.05), p < .001 | p = .237 |
| Delayed word recall | −0.11 (−0.13, −0.09), p < .001 | −0.07 (−0.10, −0.04), p < .001 | p = .010 |
| Serial 7’s | −0.04 (−0.05, −0.02), p < .001 | −0.03 (−0.06, −0.01), p = .004 | p = .252 |
| Backwards counting | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.00), p = .205 | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.00), p = .066 | p = .469 |
Notes: Beta coefficient comes from generalized estimating equations and corresponds to change in cognitive score with 1-y change in time. Results control for baseline age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, number of health conditions, body mass index, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, smoking, drinking, # days drink/week, and # drinks/day. All bolded values denote statistical significance at p < .05.