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. 2022 Feb 25;16:489–505. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S342666

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© 2022 Arnold et al.

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Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors (ARFs) “diamond graph” AAPOS diopter cut-offs with prevalence scale under each orange axis with thickness approximating each ARF’s severity. Upper graph: 2003 AAPOS preschool guidelines indicated by red diamond. 2013 age-stratified diamond levels indicated by green (toddlers), purple (preschool) and red (Kindergarten). The lower diamonds show 2021 AAPOS ARF preK cut-offs in blue and school-aged in red attempting to reduce false positives and referral rate, while striving to detect the more severe ARFs early for which the patient cannot easily compensate with accommodation. The prevalence of risk factors is related to the area of each diamond.