(a) Study design overview. Anxa1 transgenic (Anxa1-Tg) mice and wild-type (WT) mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 1 month, followed by a daily i.p. injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) for 5 days. Mice were maintained for 20 weeks on an HFD before sacrifice. n = 6 per group. (b) Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) in 4 groups. (c) Representative photomicrographs of periodic acid–Schiff staining. Bars = 50 μm for tubulointerstitium and 25 μm for glomeruli. Quantification showing (d) mesangial matrix expansion and (e) tubulointerstitial injury index. (f) Representative photomicrographs of Sirius red. Bars = 50 μm. (g) Quantitative analysis of Sirius red. (h) Representative photomicrographs of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Bars = 50 μm. (i) Quantitative analysis of α-SMA. (j) Representative photomicrographs of F4/80 staining. Bars = 50 μm. (k) Quantitative analysis of F4/80 staining. Data represent mean ± SD. Data analyses were performed by 2-way analysis of variance, followed by a Tukey test, for 4 groups. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001. SFD, standard fat diet. To optimize viewing of this image, please see the online version of this article at www.kidney-international.org.