Table 2:

Protein interactions with mtHsp60 under recent investigation

Protein	Subcellular location	Function	Reference
Survivin	Mitochondrial matrix and cytosol	Inhibitor of apoptosis, stabilized by mtHsp60	[124]
Cyclophilin D	Inner mitochondrial membrane	Component of mitochondrial permeability transition pore that promotes apoptosis, inhibited by mtHsp60.	[124]
IKKα/β	Cytosol	Activates IKK/NF-κB survival pathway	[124]
apoA-II	Extracellular	Plasma membrane expressed mtHsp60 functions as a cell surface receptor for high density lipoproteins via apoA-II binding	[125]
Bax	Cytosol, mitochondrial outer membrane	Induces apoptosis. mtHsp60-Bax complex can sequester Bax, inhibiting apoptosis. However, yeast models have shown that mtHsp60 can stabilize Bax and promote its pro-apoptotic functions.	[126], [124]
TLR4	Plasma membrane	Induces TNFα and IL-6 release via NFκB and JNK activation. Promotes cell migration in vascular smooth muscle cells via activation of ERK	[126]
TLR2	Plasma membrane	Extracellular Hsp70 and mtHsp60 recognized as DAMP and trigger pro-inflammatory cascade.	[123]
Clusterin	Extracellular, Nucleus, Cytoplasm	Extracellularly, functions as an inhibitor of apoptosis; Intracellularly, can function as a promoter of apoptosis	[127]
P53	Cytosol	Tumor suppressor, transcription factor	[48]
Lon Protease	Mitochondrial matrix	Inhibits apoptosis by stabilizing mtHsp60, stabilizes Hsp70-Hsp60 complex.	[122]
Beta-catenin	Plasma membrane (adherens junctions,), cytoplasm/nucleus	Cell-cell adhesion, proto-oncogene, transcription factor	[73]