Table 1.
General characteristics of the subjects at baseline by gender
| Women (n = 12) |
Men (n = 23) |
p value (women vs men) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 74.2 ± 3.2 | 76.7 ± 3.8 | n.s |
| Echocardiographic parameters | |||
| Indexed aortic valve area (cm2/m2) | 0.48 ± 0.15 | 0.84 ± 1.02 | n.s |
| Peak transaortic pressure gradient (mmHg) | 83.4 ± 33.7 | 70.19 ± 21.03 | n.s |
| Mean transaortic pressure gradient (mmHg) | 49.8 ± 20.2 | 45.57 ± 11.53 | n.s |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 60.0 ± 6.9 | 53.3 ± 8.1 | n.s |
| Multidimensional assessment | |||
| Comorbidities | |||
| CIRS-CI score | 4.0 ± 1.5 | 3.7 ± 1.2 | n.s |
| CIRS-SI score | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | n.s |
| Nutritional assessment | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.1 ± 5.5 | 28.6 ± 3.0 | n.s |
| MNA score | 23.8 ± 1.7 | 25.1 ± 2.0 | n.s |
| MNA 17–23.5 (% of subjects) | 50.0 | 21.7 | n.s |
| MNA < 17 (% of subjects) | 0 | 0 | – |
| Functional status | |||
| Independent in ADL | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 5.9 ± 0.3 | n.s |
| Independent in IADL % | 94.8 ± 8.3 | 95.6 ± 17.0 | n.s |
| Physical performance | |||
| SPPB total score [median (IQR)] | 10 (8–11) | 10 (9–12) | n.s |
| Gait speed (m/s) | 1.21 ± 0.28 | 1.03 ± 0.30 | n.s |
| 6-MWT (m) | 280.9 ± 130.6 | 400.6 ± 85.6 | 0.003 |
| Handgrip maximal strength (kg) | 21.9 ± 6.4 | 38.2 ± 10.2 | < 0.0001 |
| Handgrip endurance (sec) | 78.3 ± 67.2 | 79.7 ± 36.8 | n.s |
| Cognitive status and mood | |||
| MoCA score | 21.3 ± 4.2 | 24.9 ± 2.3 | 0.027 |
| GDS score | 13.5 ± 4.1 | 11.9 ± 3.5 | n.s |
| GDS 11–16 (% of subjects) | 41.6 | 30.4 | n.s |
| GDS > 16 (% of subjects) | 24.9 | 8.3 | n.s |
CIRS Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CI Comorbidity Index, SI Severity Index), BMI body mass index, MNA mini nutritional assessment, ADL activities of daily living, IADL instrumental activities of daily living, SPPB short physical performance battery, IQR interquartile range, 6-MWT 6-min walking test, MoCA montreal cognitive assessment, GDS Geriatric Depression Scale