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. 2021 Jan 5;36(1):141–145. doi: 10.1007/s10877-020-00630-8

Table 2.

 Maximum temperature changes at each catheter tip, for each sequence during 3T-MRI

MRI sequence PiCCO catheter size
5F/20 cm 4F/16 cm 3F/7 cm Reference
ΔTmax (°C) ΔTmax (°C) ΔTmax (°C) ΔTmax (°C)
Center of the scanner bore
T1 VIBE

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.0 (0.0)

[0.0–0.0]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

T2 TSE

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

T2 HASTE

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

TRUFI

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

pcASL

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0–0.0]

Mod. TRUFI

0.2 (0.1)

[0.0-0.2]

0.2 (0.1)

[0.0-0.2]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

Off-center position
T1 VIBE

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.0 (0.0)

[0.0–0.0]

0.0 (0.0)

[0.0–0.0]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

T2 TSE

0.3 (0.1)

[0.1–0.3]

0.2 (0.1)

[0.0-0.2]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

T2 HASTE

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.3 (0.1)

[0.0-0.3]

TRUFI

0.2 (0.0)

[0.1–0.2]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.3 (0.1)

[0.1–0.3]

pcASL

0.2 (0.1)

[0.1–0.3]

0.1 (0.1)

[0.0-0.2]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.2]

0.2 (0.1)

[0.1–0.3]

Mod. TRUFI

0.2 (0.1)

[0.0-0.2]

0.2 (0.1)

[0.0-0.2]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.0-0.1]

0.1 (0.0)

[0.1–0.1]

Results are presented as mean(SD)[range]. clinical routine MR pulse sequences; VIBE Volumetric Interpolated Breath-hold Examination, TSE Turbo Spin Echo, HASTE Half-fourier Acquisition Single-shot Turbo spin Echo, TRUFI True Fast Imaging with steady-state free precession, pcASL pseudo-continuous Arterial Spin Labeling, modified TRUFI worst-case condition energy deposition