Fig. 1. Population characteristics for 479,420 healthy middle to older individuals in UK Biobank, executive function score and brain imaging.
a Population characteristics including self-reported sleep duration, vascular co-morbidities, body mass index (BMI), smoking history and APOE genotype. b Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in subset of 37, 553 individuals using a whole brain approach to estimate grey matter volume in 139 cortical and subcortical regions. c Executive Function score calculated from performance on five working memory or speed of processing computer-based tasks using confirmatory factor analysis, values show beta-estimates. Model fit indices for factor analysis shown below. APOE apoprotein E; BMI body mass index.