Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of pediatric trafficking encounters based on encounter location, 2018 Q3 to 2019 Q3.
| Overall encounters | ED encounters | Hospital encounters | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 293) | (n = 167) | (n = 126) | ||
| ICD-10 codea, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Y07.6 | 99 (33.8) | 78 (46.7) | 21 (16.7) | |
| Z62.813 | 62 (21.2) | 13 (7.8) | 49 (38.9) | |
| T74.52 | 60 (20.5) | 39 (23.4) | 21 (16.7) | |
| T76.52 | 50 (17.1) | 21 (12.6) | 29 (23.0) | |
| Z04.81 | 15 (5.1) | 14 (8.4) | 1 (0.8) | |
| Others | 7 (2.4) | 2 (1.2) | 5 (4.0) | |
| Age, years | 15 [13–16] | 15 [13–16] | 15 [14–16] | 0.126 |
| Female, n (%) | 264 (90.1) | 146 (87.4) | 118 (70.7) | 0.117 |
| Race/Ethnicityb, n (%) | 0.993 | |||
| Non-hispanic black | 112 (38.2) | 65 (38.9) | 47 (37.3) | |
| Non-hispanic white | 83 (28.3) | 47 (28.1) | 36 (28.6) | |
| Hispanic or latino | 67 (22.9) | 38 (22.8) | 29 (23.0) | |
| Other | 20 (6.8) | 11 (6.6) | 9 (7.1) | |
| Estimated household incomec, $US | 37,720 [29,030–48,556] | 36,189 [29,293–48,699] | 41,590 [30,127–49,437] | 0.115 |
| Urban (%)d, n (%) | 258 (88.1) | 148 (88.6) | 110 (87.3) | 0.942 |
| Insurance, n (%) | 0.002 | |||
| Public | 173 (59.0) | 86 (51.5) | 87 (69.0) | |
| Private | 63 (21.5) | 39 (23.4) | 24 (19.0) | |
| Uninsured | 25 (8.5) | 22 (13.2) | 3 (2.4) | |
| Others | 32 (10.9) | 20 (12.0) | 12 (9.5) | |
| Illness severity, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Minor | 113 (38.6) | 95 (56.9) | 10 (7.9) | |
| Moderate | 116 (44.1) | 56 (33.5) | 46 (36.5) | |
| Major | 56 (19.1) | 14 (8.4) | 30 (23.8) | |
| Extreme | 7 (2.4) | 1 (0.6) | 2 (1.6) | |
| Infection diagnosis, n (%) | 63 (21.5) | 16 (9.6) | 47 (37.3) | <0.001 |
| Mental health disorder diagnosis, n (%) | 190 (64.8) | 76 (45.5) | 114 (90.5) | <0.001 |
| Discharge dispositione, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Routine | 218 (74.4) | 148 (88.6) | 70 (55.6) | |
| Inpatient psychiatric unit | 35 (11.9) | 10 (6.0) | 25 (19.8) | |
| Another health care facility | 30 (10.2) | 5 (3.0) | 25 (19.8) | |
| Law enforcement | 4 (1.4) | 3 (1.8) | 1 (0.8) | |
| Died | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | |
| 30-day repeat patient encounter, n (%) | 55 (18.7) | 18 (10.7) | 30 (23.8) | 0.077 |
Q, quarter; ED, emergency department; ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision; US, United States; data presented as n (%) or median [interquartile range], as appropriate.
#aICD-10 codes include: Y07.6, multiple perpetrators of maltreatment or neglect; Z62.813, personal history of forced labor of sexual exploitation in childhood; T74.52, child sexual exploitation—confirmed; T76.52, child sexual exploitation—suspected; Z04.81, encounter for examination and observation of victim following forced sexual exploitation; “other” includes T74.51, adult forced sexual exploitation—confirmed (n = 1); T76.51, adult forced sexual exploitation—suspected (n = 1); T76.62, child forced labor exploitation, suspected (n = 1); Z91.42, personal history of forced labor or sexual exploitation (n = 4);
8 encounters with missing race data;
11 encounters with missing income data;
11 encounters with missing urban data;
5 patients with unknown disposition data.