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. 2022 Feb 18;9:799355. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.799355

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effects of anesthetic drugs, surgery, and other perioperative factors on cellular immunity, inflammatory response, and angiogenesis as mechanisms involved in metastatic development. The scheme reflects the deleterious effect on the immune system and the increase in the inflammatory and proangiogenic response by factors, such as surgery, opioids, or inhaled anesthetics.