Table 2.
Characteristics of the included studies according to the ADA 2003 classification criteria.
| Author (year) | Study group | Study duration (year) | Study location | Baseline (n) | Baseline (n) | Baseline (n) | Baseline (n) | Effects estimator | Adjusted covariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADA NFG+NGT | ADA I-IFG | ADA I-IGT | ADA IGT +IFG | ||||||||||
| Total number of population | Number of progression to T2DM | Total number of population | Number of progression to T2DM | Total number of population | Number of progression to T2DM | Total number of population | Number of progression to T2DM | ||||||
| Wang (2004) (25) | – | 5 | Asia | 209 | 26 | 261 | 53 | 48 | 13 | 109 | 54 | OR | Grouped by sex and adjusted for age, smoking, SBP, BMI, family history of diabetes, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. |
| Wang (2010) (30) | SHS | 7.8 | North America | 595 | 84 | 591 | 160 | 135 | 48 | 356 | 185 | HR | Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, WC, albuminuria, smoking, family history of diabetes, and physical activity. |
| Anjana (2015) (32) | CURES | 9.1 | Asia | 1,077 | 209 | 67 | 32 | 163 | 86 | 69 | 58 | – | – |
| Han (2017) (33) | KoGES | 12 | Asia | 5,633 | 657 | 199 | 81 | 1,512 | 624 | 198 | 138 | HR | Adjusted for age and sex. |
| Jia (2007) (27) | – | 3 | Asia | 2,079 | 31 | 247 | 26 | 215 | 28 | 109 | 45 | – | – |
| Lu (2019) (35) | 4C Study | 3.8 | Asia | 55,671 | 2,064 | 23,571 | 1,774 | 12,697 | 1,467 | 14,554 | 2,758 | RR | Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, family history of diabetes, smoking, drinking, education status, physical activity, SBP, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides. |
| Unjali (2019) (36) | MASALA Study | 5 | North America | 268 | 6 | 81 | 7 | 89 | 17 | 44 | 13 | – | – |
NFG+NGT, normal fasting glucose combined with normal glucose tolerance; I-IFG, isolated impaired fasting glucose; I-IGT, isolated impaired glucose tolerance; IGT+IFG, impaired fasting glucose combined with impaired glucose tolerance; T2DM, type 2 diabetes.