Table 5.

Combination therapy against polymicrobial biofilms.

Drug combinations	Bacteria interacting with C. albicans	Effect on polymicrobial biofilm	Reference
Polymyxin and amphotericin B	P. aeruginosa	Combination of amphotericin B and highest concentration of polymyxin could eradicate polymicrobial biofilms	Rodrigues et al. (2017)
Flucloxacillin, ciprofloxacin and fluconazole	S. aureus and P. aeruginosa	Combination of all three drugs was required to inhibit all three microbes in the biofilm	Townsend et al. (2017)
Anidulafungin and tigecycline	S. aureus	Synergism against in vivo intra-abdominal biofilms	Rogiers et al. (2018)
2-aminobenzimidazole and curcumin	S. aureus	Increased biofilm inhibition by combination	Tan et al. (2019)
Caspofungin and polymyxin B	P. aeruginosa	Combination was able to significantly reduce the total biomass of mixed biofilms	Fernandes et al. (2020)
Antifungal chalcone-based derivative and antibacterial polycyclic anthracene-maleimide adduct	S. aureus	Synergistic biofilm inhibition	Bonvicini et al. (2021)
Berberine and amphotericin B	S. aureus	Synergistic biofilm inhibition with reduced hyphal formation and adhesion	Gao et al. (2021)
Farnesol combined with myricetin, C135* and compound 1771**	S. mutans	Eliminated bacteria from dual species biofilm	Lobo et al. (2021)
C135 and fluoride	S. mutans	Eliminated bacteria from dual species biofilm	Lobo et al. (2021)
Bacterial biosurfactant and DNase	S. epidermidis	Synergistic activity against biofilms	Srikanth et al. (2021)

*4-OH chalcone.

**5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]methyl 2-{naphtho[2,1-b]furan-1-yl}acetate).