Fig. 34.

Inactivation of viruses using a nonthermal biocompatible plasma. A Various types of viruses (morphologically different) treated with nonthermal plasma. B Magnified plasma properties responsible for virus inactivation. ROS, RNS, UV radiation, and ions and electrons (charged particles) are the most essential constituents for virus inactivation. A NBP can target both viral nucleic acid and proteins. C After NBP treatment, the virus proteins, and the genetic materials such as DNA, RNA are degraded to non-infective particles that cannot affect its hosts. [44]